Psalms 68:9 תְּהִלִּים
Who acts: earth, heavens, Sinai · What happens: tremble, drop · To what, where: presence
This is Psalms 68:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — earth, heavens, Sinai — and what happens in the verse to presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אֶ֤רֶץ רָעָ֨שָׁה ׀ אַף־שָׁמַ֣יִם נָטְפוּ֮ מִפְּנֵ֪י אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים זֶ֥ה סִינַ֑י מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אֶ֤רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 רָעָ֨שָׁה | nsubj | [the] earth |
| 2 | רָעָ֨שָׁה | רָעַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it quaked |
| 3 | ׀ | ׀ | PUNCT | _ | 2 רָעָ֨שָׁה | punct | |
| 4 | אַף־ | אַף | ADV | _ | 5 שָׁמַ֣יִם | advmod | also |
| 5 | שָׁמַ֣יִם | שָׁמַיִם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 6 נָטְפוּ֮ | nsubj | [the] heavens |
| 6 | נָטְפוּ֮ | נָטַף | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 רָעָ֨שָׁה | parataxis | they dropped |
| 7 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 8 פְּנֵ֪י | case | from |
| 8 | פְּנֵ֪י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 נָטְפוּ֮ | obl | before |
| 9 | אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 8 פְּנֵ֪י | compound:smixut | God |
| 10 | זֶ֥ה | זֶה | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים | appos | this |
| 11 | סִינַ֑י | סִינַי | PROPN | _ | 10 זֶ֥ה | compound:smixut | Sinai |
| 12 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 13 פְּנֵ֥י | case | from |
| 13 | פְּנֵ֥י | פָּנֶה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 פְּנֵ֪י | nmod | before |
| 14 | אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 13 פְּנֵ֥י | compound:smixut | God |
| 15 | אֱלֹהֵ֥י | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 14 אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים | appos | the God |
| 16 | יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 15 אֱלֹהֵ֥י | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| רָעָשָׁה it quaked | qatal · qal | אֶרֶץ [the] earth | |||
| נָטְפוּ they dropped | qatal · qal | שָׁמַיִם [the] heavens |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
אַרְעָא אִתְרְגִישַׁת לְחוֹד שְׁמַיָא אַטִיפוּ טַלָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ דֵין סִינַי סְלִיק תְּנָנֵיהּ כִּתְנָנָא דְאַתּוּנָא מִן קֳדָם דְאִתְגְלֵי עֲלוֹי יְיָ אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:1017.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.68.9/