Ruth 3:12 רוּת
Who acts: I, kinsman · What happens: be · To what, where: near kinsman
This is Ruth 3:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, kinsman — and what happens in the verse to near kinsman, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְעַתָּה֙ כִּ֣י אָמְנָ֔ם כִּ֥י גֹאֵ֖ל אָנֹ֑כִי וְגַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
And now it is true that I am a near kinsman; howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 עַתָּה֙ | cc | and |
| 2 | עַתָּה֙ | עַתָּה | ADV | _ | root | root | therefore |
| 3 | כִּ֣י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 6 גֹאֵ֖ל | mark | (dm) |
| 4 | אָמְנָ֔ם | אׇמְנָם | ADV | _ | 6 גֹאֵ֖ל | advmod | truly |
| 5 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 6 גֹאֵ֖ל | mark | (dm) |
| 6 | גֹאֵ֖ל | גָּאַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 2 עַתָּה֙ | parataxis | [am] a kinsman-redeemer |
| 7 | אָנֹ֑כִי | אָנֹכִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 גֹאֵ֖ל | nsubj | I |
| 8 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 יֵ֥שׁ | cc | and |
| 9 | גַ֛ם | גַּם | ADV | _ | 10 יֵ֥שׁ | advmod | also |
| 10 | יֵ֥שׁ | יֵשׁ | ADV | _ | 2 עַתָּה֙ | conj | there [is] |
| 11 | גֹּאֵ֖ל | גָּאַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 10 יֵ֥שׁ | nsubj | a kinsman-redeemer |
| 12 | קָר֥וֹב | קָרֹוב | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 גֹּאֵ֖ל | amod | near |
| 13 | מִמּ | מִן | ADP | _ | 14 ֶֽנִּי | case | more |
| 14 | ֶֽנִּי | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 קָר֥וֹב | nmod | than I |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 ֶֽנִּי | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| גֹאֵל [am] a kinsman-redeemer | participle active · qal |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
וּכְעַן אֲרוּם בְּקוּשְׁטָא אֲרוּם פָּרִיק אֲנָא וְאַף אִית פָּרִיק אָחֳרָן דְּחָזֵי לֵיהּ לְמִפְרַק יַתִּיר מִנִּי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:RUT:56.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.12/