2 Chronicles 16:8 · JPS 1917
Were not the Ethiopians and the Lubim a huge host, with chariots and horsemen exceeding many? yet, because thou didst rely on the LORD, He delivered them into thy hand.
Who acts: Ethiopians, thou, host · What happens: not be, rely, deliver · To what, where: huge host, Ethiopians, hand
This is 2 Chronicles 16:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ethiopians, thou, host), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 host | cop |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 host | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Ethiopians | det |
| 4 | Ethiopians | Ethiopian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 host | nsubj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 Lubim | cc |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Lubim | det |
| 7 | Lubim | Lubim | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 Ethiopians | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 host | det |
| 9 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 host | amod |
| 10 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 host | punct |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 chariots | case |
| 13 | chariots | chariot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 host | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 horsemen | cc |
| 15 | horsemen | horseman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 chariots | conj |
| 16 | exceeding | exceeding | ADV | Degree=Pos | 17 many | advmod |
| 17 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 horsemen | amod |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 10 host | punct |
| 19 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 30 delivered | cc |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 rely | punct |
| 21 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 24 rely | mark |
| 22 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 24 rely | nsubj |
| 23 | didst | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 rely | aux |
| 24 | rely | rely | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 delivered | advcl |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 LORD | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 LORD | det |
| 27 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 rely | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 delivered | punct |
| 29 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 delivered | nsubj |
| 30 | delivered | deliver | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 host | parataxis |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 delivered | obj |
| 32 | into | into | ADP | _ | 34 hand | case |
| 33 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 34 hand | nmod:poss |
| 34 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 delivered | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 delivered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is a | past | the Ethiopians and the Lubim | a huge host | with chariots and horsemen | tree rules | |||
| 2 | rely | past · do-support | thou | on the LORD | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on lord=Theme | ||||
| 3 | deliver | past | host | Ethiopians = ethiopian | thy hand | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֲלֹ֧א הַכּוּשִׁ֣ים וְהַלּוּבִ֗ים הָי֨וּ לְחַ֧יִל ׀ לָרֹ֛ב לְרֶ֥כֶב וּלְפָרָשִׁ֖ים לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וּבְהִשָּֽׁעֶנְךָ֥ עַל־יְהוָ֖ה נְתָנָ֥ם בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃
2 Chronicles 16:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2CH:340 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.340/