Daniel 3:29 · JPS 1917
Therefore I make a decree, that every people, nation, and language, which speak any thing amiss against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, shall be cut in pieces, and their houses shall be made a dunghill; because there is no other god that is able to deliver after this sort.'
Who acts: I, people, decree, other god · What happens: make, speak, cut, be, deliver · To what, where: decree, thing, people, pieces, houses · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 3:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, people, decree, other god), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 3 make | advmod |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 make | nsubj |
| 3 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 decree | det |
| 5 | decree | decree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 make | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 cut | punct |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 cut | mark |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 people | det |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 nation | punct |
| 11 | nation | nation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 people | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 language | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 language | cc |
| 14 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 people | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 speak | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 speak | nsubj |
| 17 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 people | acl:relcl |
| 18 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 thing | det |
| 19 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 speak | obj |
| 20 | amiss | amiss | ADV | _ | 17 speak | advmod |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 23 God | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 God | det |
| 23 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 speak | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Shadrach | case |
| 25 | Shadrach | Shadrach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 God | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Meshach | punct |
| 27 | Meshach | Meshach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Shadrach | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 nego | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 nego | cc |
| 30 | Abed | Abed | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 nego | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 nego | punct |
| 32 | nego | nego | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Shadrach | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 cut | punct |
| 34 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 cut | aux |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 cut | aux:pass |
| 36 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 decree | acl |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 pieces | case |
| 38 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 cut | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 made | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 made | cc |
| 41 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 houses | nmod:poss |
| 42 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 made | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 made | aux |
| 44 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 45 made | aux:pass |
| 45 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 cut | conj |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 dunghill | det |
| 47 | dunghill | dunghill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 made | xcomp |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 51 is | punct |
| 49 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 51 is | mark |
| 50 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 51 is | expl |
| 51 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 made | advcl |
| 52 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 54 god | det |
| 53 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 god | amod |
| 54 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 is | nsubj |
| 55 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 57 able | nsubj |
| 56 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 able | cop |
| 57 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 god | acl:relcl |
| 58 | to | to | PART | _ | 59 deliver | mark |
| 59 | deliver | deliver | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 57 able | xcomp |
| 60 | after | after | ADP | _ | 62 sort | case |
| 61 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 62 sort | det |
| 62 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 deliver | obl |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 make | punct |
| 64 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | I | a decree | therefore property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decree=Product | |||
| 2 | speak speech: other | present | every people and nation and language | any thing | against the God of Shadrach and Meshach and Abed nego; amiss property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | cut | shall · passive | a decree not said here | every people and nation and language | pieces | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||
| 4 | make | shall · passive | gods's houses | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 5 | be | present | no other god | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | present | no other god | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | deliver | to-infinitive | no other god not said here | after this sort | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
וּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ דִּי֩ כָל־עַ֨ם אֻמָּ֜ה וְלִשָּׁ֗ן דִּֽי־יֵאמַ֤ר שָׁלוּ֙ עַ֣ל אֱלָהֲה֗וֹן דִּֽי־שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹא עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹא הַדָּמִ֣ין יִתְעֲבֵ֔ד וּבַיְתֵ֖הּ נְוָלִ֣י יִשְׁתַּוֵּ֑ה כָּל־קֳבֵ֗ל דִּ֣י לָ֤א אִיתַי֙ אֱלָ֣ה אָחֳרָ֔ן דִּֽי־יִכֻּ֥ל לְהַצָּלָ֖ה כִּדְנָֽה׃
Daniel 3:29: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:103 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.103/