Daniel 7:8 · JPS 1917
I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another horn, a little one, before which three of the first horns were plucked up by the roots; and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking great things.
Who acts: I, horn, roots, mouth · What happens: consider, come up, pluck up, be, speak · To what, where: horns, three, eyes, horn, great things · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 7:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, horn, roots, mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 considered | nsubj |
| 2 | considered | consider | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 horns | det |
| 4 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 considered | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 came | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 came | cc |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 behold | punct |
| 8 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 11 came | discourse |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 behold | punct |
| 10 | there | there | PRON | _ | 11 came | expl |
| 11 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 considered | conj |
| 12 | up | up | ADV | _ | 11 came | compound:prt |
| 13 | among | among | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 came | obl |
| 15 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 horn | det |
| 16 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 came | nsubj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 one | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 one | det |
| 19 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 one | amod |
| 20 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 horn | appos |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 plucked | punct |
| 22 | before | before | ADP | _ | 23 which | case |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 plucked | obl |
| 24 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 plucked | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 horns | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 horns | det |
| 27 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 28 horns | amod |
| 28 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 three | nmod |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 plucked | aux:pass |
| 30 | plucked | pluck | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 horn | acl:relcl |
| 31 | up | up | ADV | _ | 30 plucked | compound:prt |
| 32 | by | by | ADP | _ | 34 roots | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 roots | det |
| 34 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 plucked | obl |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 44 eyes | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 eyes | cc |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 behold | punct |
| 38 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 44 eyes | discourse |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 behold | punct |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 horn | case |
| 41 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 42 horn | det |
| 42 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 eyes | obl |
| 43 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 eyes | cop |
| 44 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 came | conj |
| 45 | like | like | ADP | _ | 47 eyes | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 eyes | det |
| 47 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 eyes | nmod |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 man | case |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 man | det |
| 50 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 eyes | nmod |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 mouth | punct |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 mouth | cc |
| 53 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 54 mouth | det |
| 54 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 eyes | conj |
| 55 | speaking | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 54 mouth | acl |
| 56 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 things | amod |
| 57 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 speaking | obj |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 considered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | consider | past | I | the horns | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent horn=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | come up | past | another horn | there | among beasts = beast | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among they=Location | |||
| 3 | pluck up | past · passive | the roots | three of the first horns | before another horn | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | |||
| 4 | is a | past | another horn not said here | eyes | this horn | like the eyes of a man and a mouth | tree rules | ||
| 5 | speak speech: other | gerund | a mouth not said here | great things | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
מִשְׂתַּכַּ֨ל הֲוֵ֜ית בְּקַרְנַיָּ֗א וַ֠אֲלוּ קֶ֣רֶן אָחֳרִ֤י זְעֵירָה֙ סִלְקָ֣ת בֵּֽינֵיהֵ֔ן וּתְלָ֗ת מִן־קַרְנַיָּא֙ קַדְמָ֣יָתָ֔א אֶתְעֲקַ֖רָה מִן־קֳדָמַ֑הּ וַאֲל֨וּ עַיְנִ֜ין כְּעַיְנֵ֤י אֲנָשָׁא֙ בְּקַרְנָא־דָ֔א וּפֻ֖ם מְמַלִּ֥ל רַבְרְבָֽן׃
Daniel 7:8: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:215 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.215/