Daniel 1:10 · JPS 1917
And the chief of the officers said unto Daniel: 'I fear my lord the king, who hath appointed your food and your drink; for why should he see your faces sad in comparison with the youths that are of your own age? so would ye endanger my head with the king.'
Who acts: chief, I, king, youths, ye · What happens: say, fear, appoint, see, be, endanger · To what, where: lord, food, faces, comparison, head · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 1:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, I, king, youths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chief | det |
| 3 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 officers | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 officers | det |
| 6 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 chief | nmod |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 9 Daniel | case |
| 9 | Daniel | Daniel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 fear | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 13 fear | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 fear | nsubj |
| 13 | fear | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 14 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 lord | nmod:poss |
| 15 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fear | obj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 king | det |
| 17 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 lord | appos |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 appointed | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 appointed | nsubj |
| 20 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 appointed | aux |
| 21 | appointed | appoint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 king | acl:relcl |
| 22 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 food | nmod:poss |
| 23 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 appointed | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 drink | cc |
| 25 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 drink | nmod:poss |
| 26 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 food | conj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 see | punct |
| 28 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 32 see | mark |
| 29 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 see | advmod |
| 30 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 see | aux |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 see | nsubj |
| 32 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | parataxis |
| 33 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 faces | nmod:poss |
| 34 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 see | obj |
| 35 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 see | xcomp |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 comparison | case |
| 37 | comparison | comparison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 see | obl |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 youths | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 youths | det |
| 40 | youths | youth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 comparison | nmod |
| 41 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 age | nsubj |
| 42 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 age | cop |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 age | case |
| 44 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 age | nmod:poss |
| 45 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 age | amod |
| 46 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 youths | acl:relcl |
| 47 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 48 | so | so | ADV | _ | 51 endanger | advmod |
| 49 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 51 endanger | aux |
| 50 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 51 endanger | nsubj |
| 51 | endanger | endanger | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 said | parataxis |
| 52 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 head | nmod:poss |
| 53 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 endanger | obj |
| 54 | with | with | ADP | _ | 56 king | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 king | det |
| 56 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 endanger | obl |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 58 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the chief of the officers | unto Daniel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | fear | present | I | my lord | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lord=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | appoint | present · perfect | the king | your food and your drink | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | should | chief | your faces | comparison with the youths | sad property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus | ||
| 5 | is | present | the youths | of your own age | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | endanger | would | ye | my head | with the king | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֜אמֶר שַׂ֤ר הַסָּרִיסִים֙ לְדָ֣נִיֵּ֔אל יָרֵ֤א אֲנִי֙ אֶת־אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מִנָּ֔ה אֶת־מַאֲכַלְכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־מִשְׁתֵּיכֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֡ר לָמָּה֩ יִרְאֶ֨ה אֶת־פְּנֵיכֶ֜ם זֹֽעֲפִ֗ים מִן־הַיְלָדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כְּגִֽילְכֶ֔ם וְחִיַּבְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־רֹאשִׁ֖י לַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
Daniel 1:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:9 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.9/