Daniel 3:20 · JPS 1917
And he commanded certain mighty men that were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace.
Who acts: form, certain mighty men · What happens: command, be, bind, cast · To what, where: certain mighty men, army, Shadrach, gods, burning fiery furnace · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 3:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (form, certain mighty men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 commanded | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 commanded | nsubj |
| 3 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 men | amod |
| 5 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 men | amod |
| 6 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 commanded | obj |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 army | nsubj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 army | cop |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 army | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 army | nmod:poss |
| 11 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 men | acl:relcl |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 bind | mark |
| 13 | bind | bind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 commanded | xcomp |
| 14 | Shadrach | Shadrach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 bind | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Meshach | punct |
| 16 | Meshach | Meshach | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Shadrach | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 nego | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 nego | cc |
| 19 | Abed | abed | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 nego | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 nego | punct |
| 21 | nego | Abed-nego | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Shadrach | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 cast | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 cast | cc |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 cast | mark |
| 25 | cast | cast | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 bind | conj |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 cast | obj |
| 27 | into | into | ADP | _ | 31 furnace | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 furnace | det |
| 29 | burning | burn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 furnace | amod |
| 30 | fiery | fiery | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 furnace | amod |
| 31 | furnace | furnace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cast | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | form | certain mighty men | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent man=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | past | certain mighty men | form's army | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | bind not said to happen | to-infinitive | form not said here | Shadrach and Meshach and Abed nego | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadrach=Patient | ||||
| 4 | cast | to-infinitive | form not said here | gods = god | the burning fiery furnace | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent they=Material into furnace=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
וּלְגֻבְרִ֤ין גִּבָּֽרֵי־חַ֙יִל֙ דִּ֣י בְחַיְלֵ֔הּ אֲמַר֙ לְכַפָּתָ֔ה לְשַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ לְמִרְמֵ֕א לְאַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖א יָקִֽדְתָּֽא׃
Daniel 3:20: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:94 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.94/