Ecclesiastes 4:1 · JPS 1917

But I returned and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun; and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power, but they had no comforter.

Who acts: I, tears, power · What happens: return, consider, do, behold, oppress, have · To what, where: oppressions, sun, tears, comforter, side

This is Ecclesiastes 4:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, tears, power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	3 returned	cc
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 returned	nsubj
3	returned	return	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 considered	cc
5	considered	consider	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 returned	conj
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 oppressions	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 oppressions	det
8	oppressions	oppression	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 considered	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 done	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 done	aux:pass
11	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 oppressions	acl:relcl
12	under	under	ADP	_	14 sun	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sun	det
14	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 done	obl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 behold	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 behold	cc
17	behold	behold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 returned	conj
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 tears	det
19	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 behold	obj
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 such	case
21	such	such	PRON	PronType=Dem	19 tears	nmod
22	as	as	SCONJ	_	21 such	fixed
23	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 oppressed	aux:pass
24	oppressed	oppress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 such	acl:relcl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 oppressed	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 had	cc
27	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 had	nsubj
28	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 behold	conj
29	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	30 comforter	det
30	comforter	comforter	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 had	obj
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 was	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 was	cc
33	on	on	ADP	_	35 side	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 side	det
35	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 was	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	38 oppressors	case
37	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 oppressors	nmod:poss
38	oppressors	oppressor	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 side	nmod
39	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	40 was	expl
40	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 returned	conj
41	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 was	nsubj
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 had	punct
43	but	but	CCONJ	_	45 had	cc
44	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 had	nsubj
45	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 returned	conj
46	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	47 comforter	det
47	comforter	comforter	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 had	obj
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 returned	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	return	past	I			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	consider	past	I not said here	all oppressions		vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent oppression=Attribute
3	do	present · passive		all oppressions	the sun	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
4	behold	infinitive	I not said here	the tears of such		vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tear=Stimulus
5	oppress	past · passive				tree rules
6	have	past	tears = tear	no comforter		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comforter=Patient
7	be	past	power		the side of tears's oppressors; there	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on side=Location
8	have	past	tears = tear	no comforter		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comforter=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְשַׁ֣בְתִּֽי אֲנִ֗י וָאֶרְאֶה֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָ֣עֲשֻׁקִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַעֲשִׂ֖ים תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ דִּמְעַ֣ת הָעֲשֻׁקִ֗ים וְאֵ֤ין לָהֶם֙ מְנַחֵ֔ם וּמִיַּ֤ד עֹֽשְׁקֵיהֶם֙ כֹּ֔חַ וְאֵ֥ין לָהֶ֖ם מְנַחֵֽם׃

Ecclesiastes 4:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ECC:73 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.73/