Ecclesiastes 4:2 · JPS 1917

Wherefore I praised the dead that are already dead more than the living that are yet alive;

Who acts: I, dead, living · What happens: praise, be · To what, where: dead

This is Ecclesiastes 4:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, dead, living), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	PronType=Int	3 praised	advmod
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 praised	nsubj
3	praised	praise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dead	det
5	dead	dead	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 praised	obj
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 dead	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dead	cop
8	already	already	ADV	_	9 dead	advmod
9	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 dead	acl:relcl
10	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	9 dead	advmod
11	than	than	ADP	_	13 living	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 living	det
13	living	living	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 more	obl
14	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 alive	nsubj
15	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 alive	cop
16	yet	yet	ADV	_	17 alive	advmod
17	alive	alive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 living	acl:relcl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 praised	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	praise	past	I	the dead		wherefore property	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dead=Theme
2	is	present	the dead			dead property	tree rules
3	is	present	the living		yet	alive property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְשַׁבֵּ֧חַ אֲנִ֛י אֶת־הַמֵּתִ֖ים שֶׁכְּבָ֣ר מֵ֑תוּ מִן־הַ֣חַיִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥מָּה חַיִּ֖ים עֲדֶֽנָה׃

Ecclesiastes 4:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ECC:74 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.74/