Ecclesiastes 4:3 · JPS 1917

but better than they both is he that hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

Who acts: power · What happens: be, not see, do · To what, where: evil work, sun.

This is Ecclesiastes 4:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	but	but	CCONJ	_	2 better	cc
2	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
3	than	than	SCONJ	_	4 they	case
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 better	obl
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	4 they	det
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 better	cop
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 better	nsubj
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 been	nsubj
9	hath	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 been	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 been	advmod
11	yet	yet	ADV	_	12 been	advmod
12	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 he	acl:relcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 seen	punct
14	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 seen	nsubj
15	hath	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 seen	aux
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 seen	advmod
17	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 he	acl:relcl
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 work	det
19	evil	evil	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 work	amod
20	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 seen	obj
21	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 done	nsubj:pass
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 done	aux:pass
23	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 work	acl:relcl
24	under	under	ADP	_	26 sun.	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 sun.	det
26	sun.	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 done	obl

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: neg
teacher: changed voice=character

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	power			than tears = tear; good property	tree rules
2	not see	present · perfect		the evil work			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer work=Stimulus
3	do	present · passive		the evil work	the sun.		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וְטוֹב֙ מִשְּׁנֵיהֶ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־עֲדֶ֖ן לֹ֣א הָיָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־רָאָה֙ אֶת־הַמַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה הָרָ֔ע אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַעֲשָׂ֖ה תַּ֥חַת הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃

Ecclesiastes 4:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ECC:75 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.75/