Esther 8:14 · JPS 1917
So the posts that rode upon swift steeds that were used in the king's service went out, being hastened and pressed on by the king's commandment; and the decree was given out in Shushan the castle.
Who acts: posts, king · What happens: ride, use, go out, hasten, press on, give out · To what, where: swift steeds, service, decree, Shushan · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Esther 8:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (posts, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 17 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 posts | det |
| 3 | posts | post | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 went | nsubj |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 rode | nsubj |
| 5 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 posts | acl:relcl |
| 6 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 8 steeds | case |
| 7 | swift | swift | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 steeds | amod |
| 8 | steeds | steed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 rode | obl |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 used | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 used | aux:pass |
| 11 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 steeds | acl:relcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 service | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 king | det |
| 14 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 service | nmod:poss |
| 15 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 14 king | case |
| 16 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 used | obl |
| 17 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | out | out | ADV | _ | 17 went | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 hastened | punct |
| 20 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 hastened | aux:pass |
| 21 | hastened | hasten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 went | advcl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 pressed | cc |
| 23 | pressed | press | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 hastened | conj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 pressed | compound:prt |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 commandment | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 king | det |
| 27 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 commandment | nmod:poss |
| 28 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 27 king | case |
| 29 | commandment | commandment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pressed | obl:agent |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 given | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 given | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 decree | det |
| 33 | decree | decree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 given | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 given | aux:pass |
| 35 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 went | conj |
| 36 | out | out | ADP | _ | 35 given | compound:prt |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 Shushan | case |
| 38 | Shushan | Shushan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 given | obl |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 castle | det |
| 40 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 Shushan | appos |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 went | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ride | past | the posts | upon swift steeds | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | use | past · passive | swift steeds | the king's service | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | go out | past | the posts | out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | hasten | gerund · passive | the posts not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» | |||||
| 5 | press on | participle | the posts not said here | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | give out | past · passive | the decree | Shushan | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 7 | service | the king | nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | command | the king | nom commandment «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הָרָצִ֞ים רֹכְבֵ֤י הָרֶ֙כֶשׁ֙ הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים יָֽצְא֛וּ מְבֹהָלִ֥ים וּדְחוּפִ֖ים בִּדְבַ֣ר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְהַדָּ֥ת נִתְּנָ֖ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֥ן הַבִּירָֽה׃פ
Esther 8:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EST:141 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.141/