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Ezra 4:14 · JPS 1917

Now because we eat the salt of the palace, and it is not meet for us to see the king's dishonour, therefore have we sent and announced to the king,

Who acts: we, us, king · What happens: eat, not be, see, send, announce, dishonour · To what, where: salt, dishonour, king

This is Ezra 4:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, us, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

advmodmarknsubjadvcldetobjcasedetnmodpunctccexplcopadvmodconjmarknsubjmarkadvcldetnmod:posscaseobjpunctadvmodauxnsubjccconjcasedetoblpunctrootNowADVbecauseSCONJwePRONeatVERBtheDETsaltNOUNofADPtheDETpalaceNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJitPRONisAUXnotPARTmeetADJforSCONJusPRONtoPARTseeVERBtheDETkingNOUN'sPARTdishonourNOUN,PUNCTthereforeADVhaveAUXwePRONsentVERBandCCONJannouncedVERBtoADPtheDETkingNOUN,PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NownowADVPronType=Dem4 eatadvmod
2becausebecauseSCONJ_4 eatmark
3wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs4 eatnsubj
4eateatVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin28 sentadvcl
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 saltdet
6saltsaltNOUNNumber=Sing4 eatobj
7ofofADP_9 palacecase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 palacedet
9palacepalaceNOUNNumber=Sing6 saltnmod
10,,PUNCT_15 meetpunct
11andandCCONJ_15 meetcc
12ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs15 meetexpl
13isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin15 meetcop
14notnotPARTPolarity=Neg15 meetadvmod
15meetmeetADJDegree=Pos4 eatconj
16forforSCONJ_19 seemark
17uswePRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs19 seensubj
18totoPART_19 seemark
19seeseeVERBVerbForm=Inf15 meetadvcl
20thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art21 kingdet
21kingkingNOUNNumber=Sing23 dishonournmod:poss
22's'sPART_21 kingcase
23dishonourdishonourNOUNNumber=Sing19 seeobj
24,,PUNCT_28 sentpunct
25thereforethereforeADV_28 sentadvmod
26havehaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin28 sentaux
27wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs28 sentnsubj
28sentsendVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Partrootroot
29andandCCONJ_30 announcedcc
30announcedannounceVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part28 sentconj
31totoADP_33 kingcase
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 kingdet
33kingkingNOUNNumber=Sing30 announcedobl
34,,PUNCT_28 sentpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1eatpresentwethe salt of the palacenowvn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Patient
2not ispresentwe not said heremeet propertytree rules
3seeto-infinitiveusthe king's dishonourvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dishonour=Stimulus
4sendpresent · perfectwetherefore propertyvn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5announce speech: otherparticiplewe not said herethe kingvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to king=Recipient
6dishonourthe kingnom dishonour «state transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Aramaic of this verse

כְּעַ֗ן כָּל־קֳבֵל֙ דִּֽי־מְלַ֤ח הֵֽיכְלָא֙ מְלַ֔חְנָא וְעַרְוַ֣ת מַלְכָּ֔א לָ֥א אֲ‍ֽרִֽיךְ לַ֖נָא לְמֶֽחֱזֵ֑א עַ֨ל־דְּנָ֔ה שְׁלַ֖חְנָא וְהוֹדַ֥עְנָא לְמַלְכָּֽא׃

Ezra 4:14: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZR:109 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.109/