Lamentations 1:11 · JPS 1917
All her people sigh, they seek bread; they have given their pleasant things for food to refresh the soul. 'See, O LORD, and behold, how abject I am become.'
Who acts: people, I · What happens: sigh, seek, give, refresh, see, behold · To what, where: bread, pleasant things, soul
This is Lamentations 1:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 people | det:predet |
| 2 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 people | nmod:poss |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 sigh | nsubj |
| 4 | sigh | sigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 seek | punct |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 seek | nsubj |
| 7 | seek | seek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sigh | parataxis |
| 8 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 seek | obj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 given | punct |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 given | nsubj |
| 11 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 given | aux |
| 12 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 sigh | parataxis |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 things | nmod:poss |
| 14 | pleasant | pleasant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 things | amod |
| 15 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 given | obj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 food | case |
| 17 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 given | obl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 refresh | mark |
| 19 | refresh | refresh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 given | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 soul | det |
| 21 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 refresh | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sigh | punct |
| 23 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 24 See | punct |
| 24 | See | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 sigh | parataxis |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 LORD | punct |
| 26 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 27 LORD | discourse |
| 27 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 See | vocative |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 behold | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 behold | cc |
| 30 | behold | behold | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 24 See | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 abject | punct |
| 32 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 33 abject | advmod |
| 33 | abject | abject | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 become | xcomp |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 become | nsubj |
| 35 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 become | aux |
| 36 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 30 behold | ccomp |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 See | punct |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 24 See | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sigh | present | Jerusalem's people | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | seek | present | people | bread | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Theme | ||||
| 3 | give | present · perfect | people | people's pleasant things | for food | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent thing=Theme for food=Asset | |||
| 4 | refresh | to-infinitive | people not said here | the soul | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus soul=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | see | infinitive | LORD vocative | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | behold | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | become | present · passive | I | abject property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כָּל־עַמָּ֤הּ נֶאֱנָחִים֙ מְבַקְּשִׁ֣ים לֶ֔חֶם נָתְנ֧וּ מַחֲמַדֵּיהֶ֛םבְּאֹ֖כֶל לְהָשִׁ֣יב נָ֑פֶשׁ רְאֵ֤ה יְהוָה֙ וְֽהַבִּ֔יטָה כִּ֥י הָיִ֖יתִי זוֹלֵלָֽה׃ס
Lamentations 1:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LAM:12 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.12/