Lamentations 1:7 · JPS 1917
Jerusalem remembereth in the days of her affliction and of her anguish all her treasures that she had from the days of old; now that her people fall by the hand of the adversary, and none doth help her, the adversaries have seen her, they have mocked at her desolations.
Who acts: Jerusalem, people, none, adversaries · What happens: remember, have, fall, help, see, mock · To what, where: treasures, Jerusalem, desolations
This is Lamentations 1:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jerusalem, people, none, adversaries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 remembereth | nsubj |
| 2 | remembereth | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 days | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 days | det |
| 5 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 remembereth | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 affliction | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 affliction | nmod:poss |
| 8 | affliction | affliction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 days | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 anguish | cc |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 anguish | case |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 anguish | nmod:poss |
| 12 | anguish | anguish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 affliction | conj |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 treasures | det:predet |
| 14 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 treasures | nmod:poss |
| 15 | treasures | treasure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 remembereth | obj |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 had | obj |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 had | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 treasures | acl:relcl |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 days | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 days | det |
| 21 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 had | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 old | case |
| 23 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 days | nmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 fall | punct |
| 25 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 29 fall | advmod |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 fall | mark |
| 27 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 people | nmod:poss |
| 28 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 fall | nsubj |
| 29 | fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 remembereth | advcl |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 hand | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 hand | det |
| 32 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 fall | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 adversary | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 adversary | det |
| 35 | adversary | adversary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 hand | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 help | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 help | cc |
| 38 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 40 help | nsubj |
| 39 | doth | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 help | aux |
| 40 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 fall | conj |
| 41 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 help | obj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 seen | punct |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 adversaries | det |
| 44 | adversaries | adversary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 seen | nsubj |
| 45 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 seen | aux |
| 46 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 remembereth | parataxis |
| 47 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 seen | obj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 mocked | punct |
| 49 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 mocked | nsubj |
| 50 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 mocked | aux |
| 51 | mocked | mock | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 remembereth | parataxis |
| 52 | at | at | ADP | _ | 54 desolations | case |
| 53 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 desolations | nmod:poss |
| 54 | desolations | desolation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 mocked | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 remembereth | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remember | present | Jerusalem | Jerusalem's treasures | day | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent treasure=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | Jerusalem | Jerusalem's treasures | day | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | |||
| 3 | fall | present | Jerusalem's people | now | by the hand of the adversary | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by hand=Location | |||
| 4 | help | present · do-support | none | Jerusalem | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary | ||||
| 5 | see | present · perfect | the adversaries | Jerusalem | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | mock | present · perfect | adversaries = adversary | Jerusalem's desolations | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | afflict | Jerusalem | nom affliction «state transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | anguish | Jerusalem | nom anguish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | treasure | Jerusalem | nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 10 | desolate | Jerusalem | nom desolation «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
זָֽכְרָ֣ה יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם יְמֵ֤י עָנְיָהּ֙ וּמְרוּדֶ֔יהָ כֹּ֚ל מַחֲמֻדֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֖וּ מִ֣ימֵי קֶ֑דֶם בִּנְפֹ֧ל עַמָּ֣הּ בְּיַד־צָ֗ר וְאֵ֤ין עוֹזֵר֙ לָ֔הּ רָא֣וּהָ צָרִ֔ים שָׂחֲק֖וּ עַ֥ל מִשְׁבַּתֶּֽהָ׃ס
Lamentations 1:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LAM:8 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.8/