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home / corpora / Tanakh / Nevi'im / 1 Kings / chapter 12 / 12:10

1 Kings 12:10 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: young men, thou, people, father, little finger · What happens: grow up, speak, say, make, be · To what, where: young men, yoke · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Kings 12:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — young men, thou, people, father, little finger — and what happens in the verse to young men, yoke, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְדַבְּר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו הַיְלָדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר גָּדְל֣וּ אִתּוֹ֮ לֵאמֹר֒ כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֣ר לָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֡ה אֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבְּר֨וּ אֵלֶ֜יךָ לֵאמֹ֗ר אָבִ֙יךָ֙ הִכְבִּ֣יד אֶת־עֻלֵּ֔נוּ וְאַתָּ֖ה הָקֵ֣ל מֵעָלֵ֑ינוּ כֹּ֚ה תְּדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם קָֽטָנִּ֥י עָבָ֖ה מִמָּתְנֵ֥י אָבִֽי׃

And the young men that were grown up with him spoke unto him, saying: 'Thus shalt thou say unto this people that spoke unto thee, saying: Thy father made our yoke heavy, but make thou it lighter unto us; thus shalt thou speak unto them: My little finger is thicker than my father's loins.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

cccaseobldetnsubjmarkacl:relclcaseoblmarkfixedadvmodccompcasedetobldetdetmarkacl:relclcaseoblmarkfixednsubjnmod:possccompcaseobjnmod:possccnsubjconjcasecaseobladvmodccompcaseoblnsubjnmod:possccompcaseoblcompound:smixutnmod:posspunctrootוַCCONJandיְדַבְּרוּVERBthey spokeאֵלָיADPtoוPRONhimהַDETthe youngיְלָדִיםNOUNmenאֲשֶׁרSCONJwhoגָּדְלוּVERBthey had grown upאִתּADPwithוֹPRONhimלֵADP(cmp)אמֹרVERBכֹּֽה־ADVthusתֹאמַרVERByou will sayלָADPtoהDETtheעָםNOUNpeopleהַDET(the)זֶּהDETthisאֲשֶׁרSCONJwhichדִּבְּרוּVERBthey have spokenאֵלֶיADPtoךָPRONyouלֵADP(cmp)אמֹרVERBאָבִיNOUNfatherךָPRONyourהִכְבִּידVERBhe made heavyאֶת־ADP(et)עֻלּNOUNyokeֵנוּPRONourוְCCONJandאַתָּהPRONyouהָקֵלVERBlightenמֵADPfromעָלֵיADPonנוּPRONusכֹּהADVthusתְּדַבֵּרVERByou will speakאֲלֵיADPtoהֶםPRONthemקָֽטָנּNOUNfingerִיPRONmy littleעָבָהVERBit is thickמִADPmoreמָּתְנֵיNOUNthan the loinsאָבNOUNmy fatherִֽיPRONmy׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1וַוְCCONJ_2 יְדַבְּר֣וּccand
2יְדַבְּר֣וּדָבַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3rootrootthey spoke
3אֵלָ֗יאֶלADP_4 וcaseto
4והוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs2 יְדַבְּר֣וּoblhim
5הַהַDETPronType=Art6 יְלָדִים֙detthe young
6יְלָדִים֙יֶלֶדNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur2 יְדַבְּר֣וּnsubjmen
7אֲשֶׁ֨ראֲשֶׁרSCONJ_8 גָּדְל֣וּmarkwho
8גָּדְל֣וּגָּדַלVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=36 יְלָדִים֙acl:relclthey had grown up
9אִתּאֵתADP_10 וֹ֮casewith
10וֹ֮הוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs8 גָּדְל֣וּoblhim
11לֵלְADPExtPos=SCONJ14 תֹאמַ֣רmark(cmp)
12אמֹר֒אָמַרVERBHebBinyan=QAL11 לֵfixed
13כֹּֽה־כֹּהADV_14 תֹאמַ֣רadvmodthus
14תֹאמַ֣ראָמַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=22 יְדַבְּר֣וּccompyou will say
15לָלְADP_17 עָ֣םcaseto
16ההַDETPronType=Art17 עָ֣םdetthe
17עָ֣םעַםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing14 תֹאמַ֣רoblpeople
18הַהַDETPronType=Art19 זֶּ֡הdet(the)
19זֶּ֡הזֶהDETGender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem17 עָ֣םdetthis
20אֲשֶׁר֩אֲשֶׁרSCONJ_21 דִּבְּר֨וּmarkwhich
21דִּבְּר֨וּדָבַרVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=317 עָ֣םacl:relclthey have spoken
22אֵלֶ֜יאֶלADP_23 ךָcaseto
23ךָהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs21 דִּבְּר֨וּoblyou
24לֵלְADPExtPos=SCONJ28 הִכְבִּ֣ידmark(cmp)
25אמֹ֗ראָמַרVERBHebBinyan=QAL24 לֵfixed
26אָבִ֙יאָבNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing28 הִכְבִּ֣ידnsubjfather
27ךָ֙הוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs26 אָבִ֙יnmod:possyour
28הִכְבִּ֣ידכָּבֵדVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=321 דִּבְּר֨וּccomphe made heavy
29אֶת־אֵתADP_30 עֻלּcase(et)
30עֻלּעֹלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing28 הִכְבִּ֣ידobjyoke
31ֵ֔נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs30 עֻלּnmod:possour
32וְוְCCONJ_34 הָקֵ֣לccand
33אַתָּ֖האַתָּהPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs34 הָקֵ֣לnsubjyou
34הָקֵ֣לקָלַלVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=228 הִכְבִּ֣ידconjlighten
35מֵמִןADP_37 נוּcasefrom
36עָלֵ֑יעַלADP_37 נוּcaseon
37נוּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs34 הָקֵ֣לoblus
38כֹּ֚הכֹּהADV_39 תְּדַבֵּ֣רadvmodthus
39תְּדַבֵּ֣רדָבַרVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=214 תֹאמַ֣רccompyou will speak
40אֲלֵיאֶלADP_41 הֶ֔םcaseto
41הֶ֔םהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs39 תְּדַבֵּ֣רoblthem
42קָֽטָנּקְטֹןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing44 עָבָ֖הnsubjfinger
43ִ֥יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs42 קָֽטָנּnmod:possmy little
44עָבָ֖העָבָהVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=339 תְּדַבֵּ֣רccompit is thick
45מִמִןADP_46 מָּתְנֵ֥יcasemore
46מָּתְנֵ֥ימׇתְנַיִםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Dual44 עָבָ֖הoblthan the loins
47אָבאָבNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing46 מָּתְנֵ֥יcompound:smixutmy father
48ִֽיהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs47 אָבnmod:possmy
49׃׃PUNCT_48 ִֽיpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
request
voice
character
speech
a frame and its quote
negation
no
indirect
yes
the frame alone
decl · narrate · none
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
יְדַבְּרוּ they spokewayyiqtol · pielיְלָדִים men
גָּדְלוּ they had grown upqatal · qalיְלָדִים men
אמֹרinfinitive construct · qalיְלָדִים men
תֹאמַר you will sayyiqtol · qal
דִּבְּרוּ they have spokenqatal · piel
אמֹרinfinitive construct · qalהִכְבִּיד he made heavy + הָקֵל lighten
הִכְבִּיד he made heavyqatal · hiphilעֻלּ yokeאָבִי father
הָקֵל lightenimperative · hiphilאַתָּה you
תְּדַבֵּר you will speakyiqtol · piel
עָבָה it is thickqatal · qalקָֽטָנּ finger

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמַלִילוּ עִמֵיהּ יַנְקַיָא דִרְבִיאוּ עִמֵיהּ לְמֵימָר כְּדֵין תֵּימַר לְעַמָא הָדֵין דְמַלִילוּ עִמָךְ לְמֵימַר אֲבוּךְ אַתְקֵיף יַת נִירָנָא וְאַתְּ אֲקֵיל מִנָנָא כְּדֵין תֵּימַר לְהוֹן חֲלָשׁוּתִי תַקִיפָא מֵעוּלֵימוּתֵיהּ דְאַבָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. And the young men that were grown up with him spoke unto him, saying: 'Thus shalt thou say unto this people that spoke unto thee, saying: Thy father made our yoke heavy, but make thou it lighter unto us; thus shalt thou speak unto them: My little finger is thicker than my father's loins.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:443.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.10/