1 Kings 12:23 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: you · What happens: speak, say · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Kings 12:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֱמֹ֗ר אֶל־רְחַבְעָ֤ם בֶּן־שְׁלֹמֹה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה וְאֶל־כָּל־בֵּ֥ית יְהוּדָ֖ה וּבִנְיָמִ֑ין וְיֶ֥תֶר הָעָ֖ם לֵאמֹֽר׃

'Speak unto Rehoboam the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and unto all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the rest of the people, saying:

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֱמֹ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	say
2	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	3 רְחַבְעָ֤ם	case	to
3	רְחַבְעָ֤ם	רְחַבְעָם	PROPN	_	1 אֱמֹ֗ר	obl	Rehoboam
4	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 רְחַבְעָ֤ם	appos	the son
5	שְׁלֹמֹה֙	שְׁלֹמֹה	PROPN	_	4 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Solomon
6	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 רְחַבְעָ֤ם	appos	the king
7	יְהוּדָ֔ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	6 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Judah
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 כָּל־	cc	and
9	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	10 כָּל־	case	to
10	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 רְחַבְעָ֤ם	conj	all
11	בֵּ֥ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the house
12	יְהוּדָ֖ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	11 בֵּ֥ית	compound:smixut	of Judah
13	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 בִנְיָמִ֑ין	cc	and
14	בִנְיָמִ֑ין	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	12 יְהוּדָ֖ה	conj	Benjamin
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יֶ֥תֶר	cc	and
16	יֶ֥תֶר	יֶתֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כָּל־	conj	the rest
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 עָ֖ם	det	of
18	עָ֖ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יֶ֥תֶר	compound:smixut	the people
19	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	1 אֱמֹ֗ר	ccomp	(cmp)
20	אמֹֽר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 לֵ	fixed
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 לֵ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: a frame; the quote follows
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
אֱמֹר say	imperative · qal
אמֹֽר	infinitive construct · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲמַר לִרְחַבְעָם בַּר שְׁלֹמֹה מַלְכָּא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וּלְכָל שִׁבְטָא דְּבֵית יְהוּדָה וְשִׁבְטָא בִּנְיָמִן וּשְׁאָר עַמָא לְמֵימָר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

'Speak unto Rehoboam the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and unto all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the rest of the people, saying:

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:456.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.23/