1 Kings 15:20 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: Ben · What happens: hearken, send, smote · To what, where: captains, Ijon

This is 1 Kings 15:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ben — and what happens in the verse to captains, Ijon, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע בֶּנ־הֲדַ֜דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֜ד אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ עַל־עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־עִיּ֣וֹן וְאֶת־דָּ֔ן וְאֵ֖ת אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑האָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה וְאֵת֙ כָּל־כִּנְר֔וֹת עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ נַפְתָּלִֽי׃

And Ben-hadad hearkened unto king Asa, and sent the captains of his armies against the cities of Israel, and smote Ijon, and Dan, and Abel-beth-maacah, and all Chinneroth, with all the land of Naphtali.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he listened
3	בֶּנ־הֲדַ֜ד	בֶּן־הֲדַד	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	dep	Ben
4	בֶּנ־הֲדַ֜ד	בֶּןהֲדַד	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	dep	Hadad
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	case	to
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	det	the
7	מֶּ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	obl	king
8	אָסָ֗א	אָסָא	PROPN	_	7 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	appos	Asa
9	וַ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּשְׁלַח	cc	and
10	יִּשְׁלַח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	conj	he sent
11	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 שָׂרֵ֨י	case	(et)
12	שָׂרֵ֨י	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 יִּשְׁלַח	obj	the commanders
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 חֲיָלִ֤ים	det	of
14	חֲיָלִ֤ים	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 שָׂרֵ֨י	compound:smixut	the armies
15	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	17 וֹ֙	mark	which
16	ל	לְ	ADP	_	17 וֹ֙	case	[belonged] to
17	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 שָׂרֵ֨י	acl:relcl	him
18	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	19 עָרֵ֣י	case	on
19	עָרֵ֣י	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	10 יִּשְׁלַח	obl	the cities
20	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	19 עָרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יַּךְ֙	cc	and
22	יַּךְ֙	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֨ע	conj	he attacked
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	24 עִיּ֣וֹן	case	(et)
24	עִיּ֣וֹן	עִיּוֹן	PROPN	_	22 יַּךְ֙	obj	Ijon
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 דָּ֔ן	cc	and
26	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	27 דָּ֔ן	case	(et)
27	דָּ֔ן	דָּן	PROPN	_	24 עִיּ֣וֹן	conj	Dan
28	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 אָבֵ֣ל	cc	and
29	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	30 אָבֵ֣ל	case	(et)
30	אָבֵ֣ל	אָבֵל־בֵּית־מַעֲכָה	PROPN	_	24 עִיּ֣וֹן	conj	Abel
31	בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה	_	PROPN	_	30 אָבֵ֣ל	flat:name
32	אָבֵ֣ל	אָבֵל	PROPN	_	30 אָבֵ֣ל	nmod	Beth
33	בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה	בֵּיתמַעֲכָה	PROPN	_	32 אָבֵ֣ל	flat:name
34	אָבֵ֣ל	אָבֵל	PROPN	_	30 אָבֵ֣ל	nmod	Maacah
35	בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה	בֵּיתמַעֲכָה	PROPN	_	34 אָבֵ֣ל	flat:name
36	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	38 כָּל־	cc	and
37	אֵת֙	אֵת	ADP	_	38 כָּל־	case	(et)
38	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 עִיּ֣וֹן	conj	all
39	כִּנְר֔וֹת	כִּנֶּרֶת	PROPN	_	38 כָּל־	compound:smixut	Kinnereth
40	עַ֖ל	עַל	ADP	_	41 כָּל־	case	with
41	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 יַּךְ֙	obl	all
42	אֶ֥רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the land
43	נַפְתָּלִֽי	נַפְתָּלִי	PROPN	_	42 אֶ֥רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Naphtali
44	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	43 נַפְתָּלִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּשְׁמַע he listened	wayyiqtol · qal	בֶּנ־הֲדַד Ben
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	בֶּנ־הֲדַד Ben	אֶת־ (et)
יַּךְ he attacked	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אֶת־ (et) + וְ and + וְ and + אָבֵל Maacah		בֶּנ־הֲדַד Ben

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְקַבֵּל בַּר הֲדַד מִן מַלְכָּא אָסָא וּשְׁדַר יַת רַבָּנֵי חֵילְוָתָא דִילֵיהּ עַל קִרְוֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמְחָא יַת עִיוֹן וְיַת דָן וְיַת אָבֵל בֵּית מַעֲכָה וְיַת כָּל גִינוֹסַר עַל כָּל אֲרַע שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית נַפְתָּלִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Ben-hadad hearkened unto king Asa, and sent the captains of his armies against the cities of Israel, and smote Ijon, and Dan, and Abel-beth-maacah, and all Chinneroth, with all the land of Naphtali.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:551.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.15.20/