1 Kings 15:20 · JPS 1917
And Ben-hadad hearkened unto king Asa, and sent the captains of his armies against the cities of Israel, and smote Ijon, and Dan, and Abel-beth-maacah, and all Chinneroth, with all the land of Naphtali.
Who acts: Ben · What happens: hearken, send, smote · To what, where: captains, Ijon
This is 1 Kings 15:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ben), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 hearkened | cc |
| 2 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 hearkened | nsubj |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ben | punct |
| 4 | hadad | hadad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Ben | flat |
| 5 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 7 king | case |
| 7 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hearkened | obl |
| 8 | Asa | Asa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 king | flat |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sent | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sent | cc |
| 11 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hearkened | conj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 captains | det |
| 13 | captains | captain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sent | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 armies | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 armies | nmod:poss |
| 16 | armies | army | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 captains | nmod |
| 17 | against | against | ADP | _ | 19 cities | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 cities | det |
| 19 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sent | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 Israel | case |
| 21 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 cities | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 smote | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 smote | cc |
| 24 | smote | smote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hearkened | conj |
| 25 | Ijon | Ijon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 smote | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Dan | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 Dan | cc |
| 28 | Dan | Dan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Ijon | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Abel | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 Abel | cc |
| 31 | Abel | Abel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Ijon | conj |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 beth | punct |
| 33 | beth | Beth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Abel | flat |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 maacah | punct |
| 35 | maacah | maacah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Abel | flat |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 Chinneroth | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 Chinneroth | cc |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 39 Chinneroth | det |
| 39 | Chinneroth | Chinneroth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Ijon | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 land | punct |
| 41 | with | with | ADP | _ | 44 land | case |
| 42 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 44 land | det:predet |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 land | det |
| 44 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 smote | obl |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 Naphtali | case |
| 46 | Naphtali | Naphtali | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 land | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 hearkened | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hearken | past | Ben | unto king | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | send | past | Ben not said here | the captains of king's armies | against the cities of Israel | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captain=Theme | |||
| 3 | smote | past | Ben not said here | Ijon and Dan and Abel and all Chinneroth | with all land of Naphtali | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע בֶּנ־הֲדַ֜דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֜ד אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ עַל־עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־עִיּ֣וֹן וְאֶת־דָּ֔ן וְאֵ֖ת אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑האָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה וְאֵת֙ כָּל־כִּנְר֔וֹת עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ נַפְתָּלִֽי׃
1 Kings 15:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1KI:575 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.575/