1 Kings 2:28 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: tidings, Joab · What happens: come, turn, not turn, flee, catch · To what, where: Joab, hold, horns

This is 1 Kings 2:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — tidings, Joab — and what happens in the verse to Joab, hold, horns, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַשְּׁמֻעָה֙ בָּ֣אָה עַד־יוֹאָ֔ב כִּ֣י יוֹאָ֗ב נָטָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה וְאַחֲרֵ֥י אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם לֹ֣א נָטָ֑ה וַיָּ֤נָס יוֹאָב֙ אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּקַרְנ֥וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃

And the tidings came to Joab; for Joab had turned after Adonijah, though he turned not after Absalom. And Joab fled unto the Tent of the LORD, and caught hold on the horns of the altar.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 בָּ֣אָה	cc	and
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 שְּׁמֻעָה֙	det	the
3	שְּׁמֻעָה֙	שְׁמוּעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 בָּ֣אָה	nsubj	report
4	בָּ֣אָה	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it came
5	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	6 יוֹאָ֔ב	case	to
6	יוֹאָ֔ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	4 בָּ֣אָה	obl	Joab
7	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	9 נָטָה֙	mark	(dm)
8	יוֹאָ֗ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	9 נָטָה֙	nsubj	Joab
9	נָטָה֙	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 בָּ֣אָה	advcl	he had turned aside
10	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	11 אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה	case	after
11	אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה	אֲדֹנִיָּה	PROPN	_	9 נָטָה֙	obl	Adonijah
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 נָטָ֑ה	cc	and
13	אַחֲרֵ֥י	אַחַר	ADP	_	14 אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם	case	after
14	אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם	אַבְשָׁלֹום	PROPN	_	16 נָטָ֑ה	obl	Absalom
15	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	16 נָטָ֑ה	advmod	not
16	נָטָ֑ה	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 נָטָה֙	conj	he had turned aside
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יָּ֤נָס	cc	and
18	יָּ֤נָס	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 בָּ֣אָה	conj	he fled
19	יוֹאָב֙	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	18 יָּ֤נָס	nsubj	Joab
20	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	21 אֹ֣הֶל	case	to
21	אֹ֣הֶל	אֹהֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יָּ֤נָס	obl	the tent
22	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	21 אֹ֣הֶל	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
23	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יַּחֲזֵ֖ק	cc	and
24	יַּחֲזֵ֖ק	חָזַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 בָּ֣אָה	conj	he took hold
25	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 קַרְנ֥וֹת	case	on
26	קַרְנ֥וֹת	קֶרֶן	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 יַּחֲזֵ֖ק	obl	the horns
27	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 מִּזְבֵּֽחַ	det	of
28	מִּזְבֵּֽחַ	מִזְבֵּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 קַרְנ֥וֹת	compound:smixut	the altar
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 מִּזְבֵּֽחַ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
בָּאָה it came	qatal · qal	שְּׁמֻעָה report
נָטָה he had turned aside	qatal · qal	יוֹאָב Joab
not נָטָה he had turned aside	qatal · qal	יוֹאָב Joab
יָּנָס he fled	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹאָב Joab
יַּחֲזֵק he took hold	wayyiqtol · hiphil	יוֹאָב Joab

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּבְסוֹרָתָא מְטַת עַד יוֹאָב אֲרֵי יוֹאָב אִתְפְּנִי בָּתַר אֲדוֹנִיָה וּבָתַר אַבְשָׁלוֹם לָא אִתְפְּנִי וְאַפִּיךְ יוֹאָב לְמַשְׁכְּנָא דַייָ וְאַתְקֵיף בְּקַרְנַת מַדְבְּחָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:80.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.28/