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home / corpora / Tanakh / Nevi'im / 1 Kings / chapter 2 / 2:32

1 Kings 2:32 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: LORD, father · What happens: return, fall, slay, not know · To what, where: blood, fathers

This is 1 Kings 2:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, father — and what happens in the verse to blood, fathers, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהֵשִׁיב֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֶת־דָּמ֜וֹ עַל־רֹאשׁ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פָּגַ֣ע בִּשְׁנֵֽי־אֲ֠נָשִׁים צַדִּקִ֨ים וְטֹבִ֤ים מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ וַיַּהַרְגֵ֣ם בַּחֶ֔רֶב וְאָבִ֥י דָוִ֖ד לֹ֣א יָדָ֑ע אֶת־אַבְנֵ֤ר בֶּן־נֵר֙ שַׂר־צְבָ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאֶת־עֲמָשָׂ֥א בֶן־יֶ֖תֶר שַׂר־צְבָ֥א יְהוּדָֽה׃

And the LORD will return his blood upon his own head, because he fell upon two men more righteous and better than he, and slew them with the sword, and my father David knew it not: Abner the son of Ner, captain of the host of Israel, and Amasa the son of Jether, captain of the host of Judah.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

ccnsubjcaseobjnmod:posscaseoblnmod:possmarkparataxiscasenummodoblamodccamodcasenmodccconjobjcasedetoblccnsubjnmod:possapposadvmodconjcaseapposapposcompound:smixutapposcompound:smixutcompound:smixutcccaseconjapposcompound:smixutapposcompound:smixutcompound:smixutpunctrootוְCCONJandהֵשִׁיבVERBhe will bring backיְהוָהPROPNYahwehאֶת־ADP(et)דָּמNOUNbloodוֹPRONhisעַל־ADPonרֹאשׁNOUNheadוֹPRONhisאֲשֶׁרSCONJwhoפָּגַעVERBhe fellבִּADPonשְׁנֵֽי־NUMtwoאֲנָשִׁיםNOUNmenצַדִּקִיםADJrighteousוְCCONJandטֹבִיםADJgoodמִמּADPmoreֶנּוּPRONthan himוַCCONJandיַּהַרְגVERBheֵםPRONkilled themבַּADPwithהDETtheחֶרֶבNOUNswordוְCCONJandאָבNOUNfatherִיPRONmyדָוִדPROPNDavidלֹאADVnotיָדָעVERBhe knewאֶת־ADP(et)אַבְנֵרPROPNAbnerבֶּן־NOUNthe sonנֵרPROPNof Nerשַׂר־NOUNthe commanderצְבָאNOUNof the armyיִשְׂרָאֵלPROPNof IsraelוְCCONJandאֶת־ADP(et)עֲמָשָׂאPROPNAmasaבֶן־NOUNthe sonיֶתֶרPROPNof Jetherשַׂר־NOUNthe commanderצְבָאNOUNof the armyיְהוּדָֽהPROPNof Judah׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1וְוְCCONJ_2 הֵשִׁיב֩ccand
2הֵשִׁיב֩שׁוּבVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3rootroothe will bring back
3יְהוָ֨היהוהPROPN_2 הֵשִׁיב֩nsubjYahweh
4אֶת־אֵתADP_5 דָּמcase(et)
5דָּמדָּםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing2 הֵשִׁיב֩objblood
6֜וֹהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs5 דָּמnmod:posshis
7עַל־עַלADP_8 רֹאשׁcaseon
8רֹאשׁרֹאשׁNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing2 הֵשִׁיב֩oblhead
9֗וֹהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs8 רֹאשׁnmod:posshis
10אֲשֶׁ֣ראֲשֶׁרSCONJ_11 פָּגַ֣עmarkwho
11פָּגַ֣עפָּגַעVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=32 הֵשִׁיב֩parataxishe fell
12בִּבְּADP_14 אֲ֠נָשִׁיםcaseon
13שְׁנֵֽי־שְׁנַיִםNUMGender=Masc Number=Dual14 אֲ֠נָשִׁיםnummodtwo
14אֲ֠נָשִׁיםאִישׁNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur11 פָּגַ֣עoblmen
15צַדִּקִ֨יםצַדִּיקADJGender=Masc Number=Plur14 אֲ֠נָשִׁיםamodrighteous
16וְוְCCONJ_17 טֹבִ֤יםccand
17טֹבִ֤יםטוֹבADJGender=Masc Number=Plur15 צַדִּקִ֨יםamodgood
18מִמּמִןADP_19 ֶ֙נּוּ֙casemore
19ֶ֙נּוּ֙הוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs15 צַדִּקִ֨יםnmodthan him
20וַוְCCONJ_21 יַּהַרְגccand
21יַּהַרְגהָרַגVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=311 פָּגַ֣עconjhe
22ֵ֣םהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs21 יַּהַרְגobjkilled them
23בַּבְּADP_25 חֶ֔רֶבcasewith
24ההַDETPronType=Art25 חֶ֔רֶבdetthe
25חֶ֔רֶבחֶרֶבNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing21 יַּהַרְגoblsword
26וְוְCCONJ_31 יָדָ֑עccand
27אָבאָבNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing31 יָדָ֑עnsubjfather
28ִ֥יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs27 אָבnmod:possmy
29דָוִ֖דדָּוִדPROPN_27 אָבapposDavid
30לֹ֣אלֹאADV_31 יָדָ֑עadvmodnot
31יָדָ֑עיָדַעVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=311 פָּגַ֣עconjhe knew
32אֶת־אֵתADP_33 אַבְנֵ֤רcase(et)
33אַבְנֵ֤ראַבְנֵרPROPN_22 ֵ֣םapposAbner
34בֶּן־בֵּןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing33 אַבְנֵ֤רapposthe son
35נֵר֙נֵרPROPN_34 בֶּן־compound:smixutof Ner
36שַׂר־שַׂרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing33 אַבְנֵ֤רapposthe commander
37צְבָ֣אצָבָאNOUNNumber=Sing36 שַׂר־compound:smixutof the army
38יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ליִשְׂרָאֵלPROPN_37 צְבָ֣אcompound:smixutof Israel
39וְוְCCONJ_41 עֲמָשָׂ֥אccand
40אֶת־אֵתADP_41 עֲמָשָׂ֥אcase(et)
41עֲמָשָׂ֥אעֲמָשָׂאPROPN_33 אַבְנֵ֤רconjAmasa
42בֶן־בֵּןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing41 עֲמָשָׂ֥אapposthe son
43יֶ֖תֶריֶתֶרPROPN_42 בֶן־compound:smixutof Jether
44שַׂר־שַׂרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing41 עֲמָשָׂ֥אapposthe commander
45צְבָ֥אצָבָאNOUNNumber=Sing44 שַׂר־compound:smixutof the army
46יְהוּדָֽהיְהוּדָהPROPN_45 צְבָ֥אcompound:smixutof Judah
47׃׃PUNCT_46 יְהוּדָֽהpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
yes
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
הֵשִׁיב he will bring backweqatal · hiphilדָּמ bloodיְהוָה Yahweh
פָּגַע he fellqatal · qal
יַּהַרְג hewayyiqtol · qalֵם killed them
not יָדָע he knewqatal · qalאָב father

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיָתֵיב יְיָ יַת חוֹבַת קְטוֹלֵיהּ בְּרֵישֵׁיהּ דִשְׁלַט בִּתְרֵין גַבְרַיָא דְזַכָּאִין וְטָבִין מִנֵיהּ וְקַטְלִינוּן בְּחַרְבָּא וְאַבָּא דָוִד לָא יְדַע יַת אַבְנֵר בַּר נֵר רַב חֵילָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְיַת עֲמָשָׂא בַר יֶתֶר רַב חֵילָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. And the LORD will return his blood upon his own head, because he fell upon two men more righteous and better than he, and slew them with the sword, and my father David knew it not: Abner the son of Ner, captain of the host of Israel, and Amasa the son of Jether, captain of the host of Judah.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:84.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.32/