1 Kings 20:20 מְלָכִים א

Who acts: provinces, Arameans, Israel, Ben hadad · What happens: slay, flee, pursue, escape · To what, where: one, provinces

This is 1 Kings 20:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — provinces, Arameans, Israel, Ben hadad — and what happens in the verse to one, provinces, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּכּוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ֔וֹ וַיָּנֻ֣סוּ אֲרָ֔ם וַֽיִּרְדְּפֵ֖ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּמָּלֵ֗ט בֶּנ־הֲדַד֙בֶּנ־הֲדַד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם עַל־ס֖וּס וּפָרָשִֽׁים׃

And they slew every one his man; and the Arameans fled, and Israel pursued them; and Ben-hadad the king of Aram escaped on a horse with horsemen.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּכּוּ֙	cc	and
2	יַּכּוּ֙	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they struck down
3	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּכּוּ֙	obl	everyone
4	אִישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּכּוּ֙	obj	man
5	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 אִישׁ	nmod:poss	his
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יָּנֻ֣סוּ	cc	and
7	יָּנֻ֣סוּ	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּכּוּ֙	conj	they fled
8	אֲרָ֔ם	אֲרָם	PROPN	_	7 יָּנֻ֣סוּ	nsubj	Aram
9	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּרְדְּפ	cc	and
10	יִּרְדְּפ	רָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּכּוּ֙	conj	it
11	ֵ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 יִּרְדְּפ	obj	pursued them
12	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	10 יִּרְדְּפ	nsubj	Israel
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּמָּלֵ֗ט	cc	and
14	יִּמָּלֵ֗ט	מָלַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּכּוּ֙	conj	he escaped
15	בֶּנ־הֲדַד֙	בֶּן־הֲדַד	PROPN	_	14 יִּמָּלֵ֗ט	nsubj	Ben
16	בֶּנ־הֲדַד֙	בֶּןהֲדַד	PROPN	_	15 בֶּנ־הֲדַד֙	appos	Hadad
17	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 בֶּנ־הֲדַד֙	appos	the king
18	אֲרָ֔ם	אֲרָם	PROPN	_	17 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Aram
19	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	20 ס֖וּס	case	on
20	ס֖וּס	סוּס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִּמָּלֵ֗ט	obl	a horse
21	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 פָרָשִֽׁים	cc	and
22	פָרָשִֽׁים	פָּרָשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 יִּמָּלֵ֗ט	conj	horsemen
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 פָרָשִֽׁים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּכּוּ they struck down	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אִישׁ man
יָּנֻסוּ they fled	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲרָם Aram
יִּרְדְּפ it	wayyiqtol · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel	ֵם pursued them
יִּמָּלֵט he escaped	wayyiqtol · niphal	בֶּנ־הֲדַד Ben

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּקְטָלוּ גְבַר גַבְרוֹהִי וְאַפָּכוּ אֱנַשׁ אֲרָם וְרַדְפוּנוּן יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאִשְׁתְּזֵיב בַּר הֲדַד מַלְכָּא דַאֲרָם עַל סוּסְוָן וְעִמֵיהּ תְּרֵין זוֹג פָּרָשִׁין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they slew every one his man; and the Arameans fled, and Israel pursued them; and Ben-hadad the king of Aram escaped on a horse with horsemen.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1KI:710.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.20/