1 Samuel 12:2 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: king, I, sons · What happens: walk, be · To what, where: youth

This is 1 Samuel 12:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, I, sons — and what happens in the verse to youth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְעַתָּ֞ה הִנֵּ֥ה הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ׀ מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֗ם וַאֲנִי֙ זָקַ֣נְתִּי וָשַׂ֔בְתִּי וּבָנַ֖י הִנָּ֣ם אִתְּכֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם מִנְּעֻרַ֖י עַד־הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

And now, behold, the king walketh before you; and I am old and grayheaded; and, behold, my sons are with you; and I have walked before you from my youth unto this day.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 עַתָּ֞ה	cc	and
2	עַתָּ֞ה	עַתָּה	ADV	_	root	root	now
3	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	7 מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ	discourse	here!
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	det	the
5	מֶּ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ	nsubj	king
6	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	5 מֶּ֣לֶךְ	punct
7	מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing	2 עַתָּ֞ה	parataxis	[is] walking about
8	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	9 פְנֵי	case	before
9	פְנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ	obl
10	כֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 פְנֵי	nmod:poss	you
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 זָקַ֣נְתִּי	cc	and
12	אֲנִי֙	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 זָקַ֣נְתִּי	nsubj	I
13	זָקַ֣נְתִּי	זָקֵן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 עַתָּ֞ה	conj	I am old
14	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 שַׂ֔בְתִּי	cc	and
15	שַׂ֔בְתִּי	שִׂיב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	13 זָקַ֣נְתִּי	conj	I am gray haired
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 ְכֶ֑ם	cc	and
17	בָנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 ְכֶ֑ם	dislocated	sons
18	ַ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 בָנ	nmod:poss	my
19	הִנּ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	22 ְכֶ֑ם	nsubj	here
20	ָ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 הִנּ	nsubj	they
21	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	22 ְכֶ֑ם	case	[are] with
22	ְכֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 עַתָּ֞ה	conj	you
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי	cc	and
24	אֲנִי֙	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי	nsubj	I
25	הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=1	2 עַתָּ֞ה	conj	I have walked about
26	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	27 פְנֵי	case	before
27	פְנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי	obl
28	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 פְנֵי	nmod:poss	you
29	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	30 נְּעֻר	case	since
30	נְּעֻר	נְעוּרִים	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי	obl	youth(s)
31	ַ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	30 נְּעֻר	nmod:poss	my
32	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	34 יּ֥וֹם	case	until
33	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
34	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 הִתְהַלַּ֣כְתִּי	obl	day
35	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 זֶּֽה	det	(the)
36	זֶּֽה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	34 יּ֥וֹם	det	this
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 זֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
מִתְהַלֵּךְ [is] walking about	participle active · hithpael	מֶּלֶךְ king
זָקַנְתִּי I am old	qatal · qal	אֲנִי I
שַׂבְתִּי I am gray haired	qatal · qal
הִתְהַלַּכְתִּי I have walked about	qatal · hithpael	אֲנִי I

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּכְעַן הָא מַלְכָּא מְדַבֵּר בְּרֵישֵׁיכוֹן וַאֲנָא קָשִׁישׁ וְסָבֵית וּבְנַי הָא אִינוּן עִמְכוֹן וַאֲנָא הַלְכֵית קֳדָמֵיכוֹן מִזְעֵירַי עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And now, behold, the king walketh before you; and I am old and grayheaded; and, behold, my sons are with you; and I have walked before you from my youth unto this day.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:249.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.2/