1 Samuel 13:18 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: company, border · What happens: turn, look down · To what, where: way

This is 1 Samuel 13:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — company, border — and what happens in the verse to way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָרֹ֤אשׁ אֶחָד֙ יִפְנֶ֔ה דֶּ֖רֶךְ בֵּ֣ית חֹר֑וֹן בֵּ֣ית חֹר֑וֹן וְהָרֹ֨אשׁ אֶחָ֤ד יִפְנֶה֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ הַגְּב֔וּל הַנִּשְׁקָ֛ף עַל־גֵּ֥י הַצְּבֹעִ֖ים גֵּ֥י הַצְּבֹעִ֖ים הַמִּדְבָּֽרָה׃ס

and another company turned the way to Beth-horon; and another company turned the way of the border that looketh down upon the valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יִפְנֶ֔ה	cc	and
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 רֹ֤אשׁ	det	the
3	רֹ֤אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יִפְנֶ֔ה	nsubj	company
4	אֶחָד֙	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 רֹ֤אשׁ	nummod	one
5	יִפְנֶ֔ה	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it turned
6	דֶּ֖רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 יִפְנֶ֔ה	obl	the direction
7	בֵּ֣ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	6 דֶּ֖רֶךְ	compound:smixut	of
8	חֹר֑וֹן	חֹורֹון	PROPN	_	7 בֵּ֣ית	flat:name
9	בֵּ֣ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	6 דֶּ֖רֶךְ	compound:smixut	Beth Horon
10	חֹר֑וֹן	חוֹרֹן	PROPN	_	9 בֵּ֣ית	flat:name
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִפְנֶה֙	cc	and
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 רֹ֨אשׁ	det	the
13	רֹ֨אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִפְנֶה֙	nsubj	company
14	אֶחָ֤ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 רֹ֨אשׁ	nummod	one
15	יִפְנֶה֙	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 יִפְנֶ֔ה	conj	it turned
16	דֶּ֣רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 יִפְנֶה֙	obl	the direction
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 גְּב֔וּל	det	the
18	גְּב֔וּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 דֶּ֣רֶךְ	compound:smixut	border
19	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	20 נִּשְׁקָ֛ף	mark	[which] looks
20	נִּשְׁקָ֛ף	שָׁקַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	18 גְּב֔וּל	acl:relcl	down
21	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	22 גֵּ֥י	case	over
22	גֵּ֥י	גַּיְא	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 נִּשְׁקָ֛ף	obl	the valley
23	הַצְּבֹעִ֖ים	_	NOUN	_	22 גֵּ֥י	flat
24	גֵּ֥י	הַ	PROPN	_	22 גֵּ֥י	nmod	of Zeboim
25	הַצְּבֹעִ֖ים	_	PROPN	_	24 גֵּ֥י	flat:name
26	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 מִּדְבָּֽר	det	to
27	מִּדְבָּֽר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִפְנֶה֙	obl	the
28	ָה	ה	X	_	27 מִּדְבָּֽר	nmod	wilderness
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ָה	punct
30	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	28 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִפְנֶה it turned	yiqtol · qal	רֹאשׁ company
יִפְנֶה it turned	yiqtol · qal
נִּשְׁקָף down	participle active · niphal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמַשְׁרִיתָא חֲדָא מִתְפַּנְיָא לְאוֹרַח בֵּית חוֹרוֹן וּמַשְׁרִיתָא חֲדָא מִתְפַּנְיָא לְאוֹרַח תְּחוּמָא דְמִסְתְּכֵי לְחֵילַת אַפְעַיָא לְמַדְבְּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and another company turned the way to Beth-horon; and another company turned the way of the border that looketh down upon the valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:290.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.18/