1 Samuel 14:22 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: men, Philistines · What happens: hide, hear, flee, follow · To what, where: Philistines, hill country, battle · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 14:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, Philistines — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, hill country, battle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכֹל֩ אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים בְּהַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נָ֖סוּ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ גַם־הֵ֛מָּה אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃

Likewise all the men of Israel that had hid themselves in the hill-country of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	cc	and
2	כֹל֩	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	nsubj	every
3	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 כֹל֩	compound:smixut	(the) person
4	יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	3 אִ֨ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Israel
5	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	6 מִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים	mark	[who
6	מִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים	חָבָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur	3 אִ֨ישׁ	appos	had] hidden themselves
7	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 הַר־	case	in
8	הַר־	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 מִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים	obl	the hill country
9	אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	8 הַר־	compound:smixut	of Ephraim
10	שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they heard
11	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	12 נָ֖סוּ	mark	(dm) that
12	נָ֖סוּ	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	ccomp	they had fled
13	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 נָ֖סוּ	nsubj	[the] Philistines
14	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יַּדְבְּק֥וּ	cc	and
15	יַּדְבְּק֥וּ	דָּבַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	10 שָֽׁמְע֔וּ	conj	they pursued closely
16	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	17 הֵ֛מָּה	advmod	also
17	הֵ֛מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יַּדְבְּק֥וּ	nsubj	they
18	אַחֲרֵי	אַחַר	ADP	_	19 הֶ֖ם	case	after
19	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יַּדְבְּק֥וּ	obl	them
20	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 מִּלְחָמָֽה	case	in
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 מִּלְחָמָֽה	det	the
22	מִּלְחָמָֽה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 יַּדְבְּק֥וּ	obl	battle
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 מִּלְחָמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
מִּֽתְחַבְּאִים had] hidden themselves	participle active · hithpael	אִישׁ (the) person
שָֽׁמְעוּ they heard	qatal · qal	אִישׁ (the) person	נָסוּ they had fled
נָסוּ they had fled	qatal · qal	פְּלִשְׁתִּים [the] Philistines
יַּדְבְּקוּ they pursued closely	wayyiqtol · hiphil	הֵמָּה they

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְכָל אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל דְאִטְמָרוּ בְּטוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרַיִם שְׁמָעוּ אֲרִי אַפִיכוּ פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְאַדְבִּיקוּ אַף אִינוּן בַּתְרֵיהוֹן בִּקְרָבָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Likewise all the men of Israel that had hid themselves in the hill-country of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:317.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.22/