1 Samuel 14:21 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Hebrews, that, Philistines, Israelites · What happens: be, go up, turn · To what, where: camp

This is 1 Samuel 14:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Hebrews, that, Philistines, Israelites — and what happens in the verse to camp, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָעִבְרִ֗ים הָי֤וּ לַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ כְּאֶתְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָל֥וּ עִמָּ֛ם בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה סָבִ֑יב וְגַם־הֵ֗מָּה לִֽהְיוֹת֙ עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עִם־שָׁא֖וּל וְיוֹנָתָֽן׃

Now the Hebrews that were with the Philistines as beforetime, and that went up with them into the camp round about; even they also turned to be with the Israelites that were with Saul and Jonathan.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	cc	and
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 עִבְרִ֗ים	det	the
3	עִבְרִ֗ים	עִבְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	dislocated	Hebrews
4	הָי֤וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	7 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙	cop	[who] they had belonged
5	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	7 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙	case	to
6	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙	det	the
7	פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 עִבְרִ֗ים	acl	Philistines
8	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	9 אֶתְמ֣וֹל	case	as
9	אֶתְמ֣וֹל	אֶתְמוֹל	ADV	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙	obl	yesterday
10	שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם	שִׁלְשֹׁום	ADV	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 אֶתְמ֣וֹל	advmod	three days ago
11	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	12 עָל֥וּ	mark	who
12	עָל֥וּ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 עִבְרִ֗ים	acl:relcl	they had gone up
13	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	14 ָ֛ם	case	with
14	ָ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 עָל֥וּ	obl	them
15	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 מַּחֲנֶ֖ה	case	in
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 מַּחֲנֶ֖ה	det	the
17	מַּחֲנֶ֖ה	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 עָל֥וּ	obl	camp
18	סָבִ֑יב	סָבִיב	ADV	Number=Sing	17 מַּחֲנֶ֖ה	advmod	all around
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	cc	and
20	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	21 הֵ֗מָּה	advmod	also
21	הֵ֗מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	nsubj	they
22	לִֽ	לְ	ADP	_	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	case	to
23	הְיוֹת֙	הָיָה	AUX	HebBinyan=QAL	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	cop	be
24	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	case	with
25	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	root	root	Israel
26	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	28 שָׁא֖וּל	mark	which
27	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	28 שָׁא֖וּל	case	[was] with
28	שָׁא֖וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	25 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	acl:relcl	Saul
29	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 יוֹנָתָֽן	cc	and
30	יוֹנָתָֽן	יוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	28 שָׁא֖וּל	conj	Jonathan
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 יוֹנָתָֽן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הָיוּ [who] they had belonged	qatal · qal	עִבְרִים Hebrews
עָלוּ they had gone up	qatal · qal	עִבְרִים Hebrews
הְיוֹת be	infinitive construct · qal	עִבְרִים Hebrews

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהוּדָאֵי הֲווֹ לִפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי כְּמֵאִתְמָלֵי וּמִדְקָדָמוֹהִי דִסְלִיקוּ עִמְהוֹן בְּמַשְׁרִיתָא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר וְאַף אִינוּן תָּבוּ לְמֶהֱוֵי עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל דְעִם שָׁאוּל וְיוֹנָתָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now the Hebrews that were with the Philistines as beforetime, and that went up with them into the camp round about; even they also turned to be with the Israelites that were with Saul and Jonathan.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:316.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.21/