1 Samuel 14:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Ahijah, people, Jonathan · What happens: wear, not know, go · To what, where: ephod · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 14:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahijah, people, Jonathan — and what happens in the verse to ephod, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַאֲחִיָּ֣ה בֶן־אֲחִט֡וּב אֲחִ֡י אִיכָב֣וֹד ׀ בֶּן־פִּינְחָ֨ס בֶּן־עֵלִ֜י כֹּהֵ֧ן ׀ יְהוָ֛ה בְּשִׁל֖וֹ נֹשֵׂ֣א אֵפ֑וֹד וְהָעָם֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י הָלַ֖ךְ יוֹנָתָֽן׃

and Ahijah, the son of Ahitub, Ichabod's brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the priest of the LORD in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And the people knew not that Jonathan was gone.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 נֹשֵׂ֣א	cc	and
2	אֲחִיָּ֣ה	אֲחִיָּה	PROPN	_	17 נֹשֵׂ֣א	nsubj	Ahijah
3	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 אֲחִיָּ֣ה	appos	the son
4	אֲחִט֡וּב	אֲחִיטוּב	PROPN	_	3 בֶן־	compound:smixut	of Ahitub
5	אֲחִ֡י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אֲחִט֡וּב	appos	the brother
6	אִיכָב֣וֹד	אִיכָבוֹד	PROPN	_	5 אֲחִ֡י	compound:smixut	of Ichabod
7	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	6 אִיכָב֣וֹד	punct
8	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אִיכָב֣וֹד	appos	the son
9	פִּינְחָ֨ס	פִּינְחָס	PROPN	_	8 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Phinehas
10	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 פִּינְחָ֨ס	appos	the son
11	עֵלִ֜י	עֵלִי	PROPN	_	10 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Eli
12	כֹּהֵ֧ן	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 עֵלִ֜י	appos	the priest
13	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	12 כֹּהֵ֧ן	punct
14	יְהוָ֛ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	12 כֹּהֵ֧ן	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 שִׁל֖וֹ	case	in
16	שִׁל֖וֹ	שִׁלוֹ	PROPN	_	12 כֹּהֵ֧ן	nmod	Shiloh
17	נֹשֵׂ֣א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	root	root	[was] bearing
18	אֵפ֑וֹד	אֵפֹד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 נֹשֵׂ֣א	obj	an ephod
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יָדַ֔ע	cc	and
20	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 עָם֙	det	the
21	עָם֙	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יָדַ֔ע	nsubj	people
22	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	23 יָדַ֔ע	advmod	not
23	יָדַ֔ע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	17 נֹשֵׂ֣א	conj	it knew
24	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	25 הָלַ֖ךְ	mark	(dm) that
25	הָלַ֖ךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	23 יָדַ֔ע	ccomp	he had gone
26	יוֹנָתָֽן	יוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	25 הָלַ֖ךְ	nsubj	Jonathan
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 יוֹנָתָֽן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נֹשֵׂא [was] bearing	participle active · qal	אֲחִיָּה Ahijah	אֵפוֹד an ephod
not יָדַע it knew	qatal · qal	עָם people	הָלַךְ he had gone
הָלַךְ he had gone	qatal · qal	יוֹנָתָֽן Jonathan

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲחִיָה בַּר אֲחִיטוּב אֲחוּהִי דְאִיכָבוֹד בַּר פִּינְחָס בַּר עֵלִי כָּהֵין מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָם יְיָ בְּשִׁילֹה לָבֵישׁ אֵיפוֹדָא וְעַמָא לָא יְדַע אֲרֵי אֲזַל יוֹנָתָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:298.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.3/