1 Samuel 14:30 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: people, greater slaughter · What happens: eat, find, not be, spoil · To what, where: spoil, enemies

This is 1 Samuel 14:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, greater slaughter — and what happens in the verse to spoil, enemies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַ֗ף כִּ֡י לוּא֩ אָכֹ֨ל אָכַ֤ל הַיּוֹם֙ הָעָ֔ם מִשְּׁלַ֥ל אֹיְבָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָצָ֑א כִּ֥י עַתָּ֛ה לֹֽא־רָבְתָ֥ה מַכָּ֖ה בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

How much more, if haply the people had eaten freely to-day of the spoil of their enemies which they found? had there not been then a much greater slaughter among the Philistines?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַ֗ף	אַף	ADV	_	5 אָכַ֤ל	advmod	indeed?
2	כִּ֡י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	5 אָכַ֤ל	mark	(dm)
3	לוּא֩	לוּ	ADP	_	5 אָכַ֤ל	case	if
4	אָכֹ֨ל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 אָכַ֤ל	obl:npmod	indeed (eat)
5	אָכַ֤ל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it had eaten
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יּוֹם֙	det	this
7	יּוֹם֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 אָכַ֤ל	obl	day
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 עָ֔ם	det	the
9	עָ֔ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 אָכַ֤ל	nsubj	people
10	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	11 שְּׁלַ֥ל	case	any
11	שְּׁלַ֥ל	שָׁלָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 אָכַ֤ל	obl	of the plunder
12	אֹיְבָ֖י	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	11 שְּׁלַ֥ל	compound:smixut	its enemies
13	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 אֹיְבָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
14	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 מָצָ֑א	mark	which
15	מָצָ֑א	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 שְּׁלַ֥ל	acl:relcl	it found
16	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 רָבְתָ֥ה	mark	(dm)
17	עַתָּ֛ה	עַתָּה	ADV	_	19 רָבְתָ֥ה	advmod	now
18	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	19 רָבְתָ֥ה	advmod	not
19	רָבְתָ֥ה	רָבָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 אָכַ֤ל	advcl	it has been great
20	מַכָּ֖ה	מַכָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 רָבְתָ֥ה	nsubj	defeat
21	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	case	among
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	det	the
23	פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 מַכָּ֖ה	nmod	Philistines
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָכַל it had eaten	qatal · qal	עָם people
מָצָא it found	qatal · qal	עָם people	שְּׁלַל of the plunder
not רָבְתָה it has been great	qatal · qal	מַכָּה defeat

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּרַם אִלוּ מֵיכַל אָכִיל יוֹמָא דֵין עַמָא מִבִּזַת בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבוֹהִי דְאִשְׁכַּח אֲרֵי כְעַן לָא סַגִיאַת מְחָתָא בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

How much more, if haply the people had eaten freely to-day of the spoil of their enemies which they found? had there not been then a much greater slaughter among the Philistines?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:325.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.30/