1 Samuel 14:31 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: people · What happens: smite, be · To what, where: Aijalon, Michmas

This is 1 Samuel 14:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people — and what happens in the verse to Aijalon, Michmas, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּכּ֞וּ בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מִמִּכְמָ֖שׂ אַיָּלֹ֑נָה וַיָּ֥עַף הָעָ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃

And they smote of the Philistines that day from Michmas to Aijalon; and the people were very faint.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּכּ֞וּ	cc	and
2	יַּכּ֞וּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they defeated
3	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 יּ֤וֹם	case	on
4	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 יּ֤וֹם	det	the
5	יּ֤וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּכּ֞וּ	obl	day
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 הוּא֙	det	(the)
7	הוּא֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יּ֤וֹם	det	that
8	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	case	(in)
9	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	det	the
10	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יַּכּ֞וּ	obl	Philistines
11	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	12 מִּכְמָ֖שׂ	case	from
12	מִּכְמָ֖שׂ	מִכְמָשׂ	PROPN	_	2 יַּכּ֞וּ	obl	Micmash
13	אַיָּלֹ֑נ	אַיָּלוֹן	PROPN	_	12 מִּכְמָ֖שׂ	conj	to
14	ָה	ה	X	_	13 אַיָּלֹ֑נ	nmod	Aijalon
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָּ֥עַף	cc	and
16	יָּ֥עַף	עיף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּכּ֞וּ	conj	it was weary
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 עָ֖ם	det	the
18	עָ֖ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָּ֥עַף	nsubj	people
19	מְאֹֽד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	16 יָּ֥עַף	advmod	exceedingly
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 מְאֹֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּכּוּ they defeated	wayyiqtol · hiphil
יָּעַף it was weary	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּקְטַלוּ בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי מִמִכְמָשׁ עַד מֵישַׁר אֲיָלוֹן וְאִשְׁתַּלְהֵי עַמָא לַחֲדָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they smote of the Philistines that day from Michmas to Aijalon; and the people were very faint.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:326.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.31/