1 Samuel 16:19 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Saul, David · What happens: send, say, be · To what, where: messengers, David, me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 16:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, David — and what happens in the verse to messengers, David, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח שָׁא֛וּל מַלְאָכִ֖ים אֶל־יִשָׁ֑י וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁלְחָ֥ה אֵלַ֛י אֶת־דָּוִ֥ד בִּנְךָ֖ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּצֹּֽאן׃

Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said: 'Send me David thy son, who is with the sheep.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
3	שָׁא֛וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	nsubj	Saul
4	מַלְאָכִ֖ים	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	obj	messengers
5	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 יִשָׁ֑י	case	to
6	יִשָׁ֑י	יִשַׁי	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	obl	Jesse
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
8	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלַ֥ח	conj	he said
9	שִׁלְח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	8 יֹּ֕אמֶר	ccomp	send
10	ָ֥ה	ה	X	_	9 שִׁלְח	nmod
11	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	12 ַ֛י	case	to
12	ַ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 שִׁלְח	obl	me
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 דָּוִ֥ד	case	(et)
14	דָּוִ֥ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	9 שִׁלְח	obj	David
15	בִּנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 דָּוִ֥ד	appos	son
16	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 בִּנ	nmod:poss	your
17	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	20 צֹּֽאן	mark	who
18	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 צֹּֽאן	case	[is] with
19	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 צֹּֽאן	det	the
20	צֹּֽאן	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 דָּוִ֥ד	acl:relcl	flock
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 צֹּֽאן	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul	מַלְאָכִים messengers
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
שִׁלְח send	imperative · qal	יִשָׁי Jesse	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל אִזְגַדִין לְוַת יִשָׁי וַאֲמַר שַׁדַר לִי יַת דָוִד בְּרָךְ דִי בְּעָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said: 'Send me David thy son, who is with the sheep.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:401.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.16.19/