1 Samuel 25:16 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: bread, we · What happens: be, keep · To what, where: wall, sheep

This is 1 Samuel 25:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — bread, we — and what happens in the verse to wall, sheep, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

חוֹמָה֙ הָי֣וּ עָלֵ֔ינוּ גַּם־לַ֖יְלָה גַּם־יוֹמָ֑ם כָּל־יְמֵ֛י הֱיוֹתֵ֥נוּ עִמָּ֖ם רֹעִ֥ים הַצֹּֽאן׃

they were a wall unto us both by night and by day, all the while we were with them keeping the sheep.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	חוֹמָה֙	חוֹמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	a wall
2	הָי֣וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 חוֹמָה֙	cop	they were
3	עָלֵ֔י	עַל	ADP	_	4 נוּ	case	with
4	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 חוֹמָה֙	obl	us
5	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	6 לַ֖יְלָה	advmod	both
6	לַ֖יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 חוֹמָה֙	obl	night
7	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	8 יוֹמָ֑ם	advmod	as well as
8	יוֹמָ֑ם	יוֹמָם	ADV	_	6 לַ֖יְלָה	conj	by day
9	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 חוֹמָה֙	obl	all
10	יְמֵ֛י	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the days
11	הֱיוֹת	הָיָה	AUX	HebBinyan=QAL	14 ָ֖ם	cop	of
12	ֵ֥נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 ָ֖ם	nsubj	our being
13	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	14 ָ֖ם	case	with
14	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 יְמֵ֛י	acl	them
15	רֹעִ֥ים	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	10 יְמֵ֛י	acl	shepherding
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 צֹּֽאן	det	the
17	צֹּֽאן	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 רֹעִ֥ים	obj	flock
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 צֹּֽאן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הָיוּ they were	qatal · qal
הֱיוֹת of	infinitive construct · qal	ֵנוּ our being
רֹעִים shepherding	participle active · qal		צֹּֽאן flock

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

שׁוּר מַקַף הֲווֹ עִלָנָא אַף בְּלֵילֵי אַף בִּימָם כָּל יוֹמִין דַהֲוֵינָא עִמְהוֹן רָעָן עָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

they were a wall unto us both by night and by day, all the while we were with them keeping the sheep.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:665.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.16/