1 Samuel 25:16 · JPS 1917
they were a wall unto us both by night and by day, all the while we were with them keeping the sheep.
Who acts: bread, we · What happens: be, keep · To what, where: wall, sheep
This is 1 Samuel 25:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bread, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 wall | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 wall | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 wall | det |
| 4 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 us | case |
| 6 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 wall | obl |
| 7 | both | both | CCONJ | _ | 9 night | cc:preconj |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 night | case |
| 9 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 wall | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 day | cc |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 day | case |
| 12 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 night | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 them | punct |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 while | det:predet |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 while | det |
| 16 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 them | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 them | nsubj |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 them | cop |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 them | case |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 wall | advcl |
| 21 | keeping | keep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 them | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 sheep | det |
| 23 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 keeping | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 wall | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | bread | a wall | night | unto us | tree rules | ||
| 2 | is | past | we | while | with fields = field | tree rules | |||
| 3 | keep | gerund | we not said here | the sheep | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
חוֹמָה֙ הָי֣וּ עָלֵ֔ינוּ גַּם־לַ֖יְלָה גַּם־יוֹמָ֑ם כָּל־יְמֵ֛י הֱיוֹתֵ֥נוּ עִמָּ֖ם רֹעִ֥ים הַצֹּֽאן׃
1 Samuel 25:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:737 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.737/