1 Samuel 27:10 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Achish, ye, David · What happens: say, make · To what, where: raid · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 27:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Achish, ye, David — and what happens in the verse to raid, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אָכִ֔ישׁ אַל־פְּשַׁטְתֶּ֖ם הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד עַל־נֶ֤גֶב יְהוּדָה֙ וְעַל־נֶ֣גֶב הַיַּרְחְמְאֵלִ֔י וְאֶל־נֶ֖גֶב הַקֵּינִֽי׃

And Achish said: 'Whither have ye made a raid to-day?' And David said: 'Against the South of Judah, and against the South of the Jerahmeelites, and against the South of the Kenites.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אָכִ֔ישׁ	אָכִישׁ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Achish
4	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	5 פְּשַׁטְתֶּ֖ם	advmod	not
5	פְּשַׁטְתֶּ֖ם	פָּשַׁט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	did you make a raid
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יּ֑וֹם	det	this
7	יּ֑וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 פְּשַׁטְתֶּ֖ם	obl	day
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
9	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	he said
10	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	David
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 נֶ֤גֶב	case	on
12	נֶ֤גֶב	נֶגֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	the Negev
13	יְהוּדָה֙	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	12 נֶ֤גֶב	compound:smixut	of Judah
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 נֶ֣גֶב	cc	and
15	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	16 נֶ֣גֶב	case	on
16	נֶ֣גֶב	נֶגֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 נֶ֤גֶב	conj	the Negev
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 יַּרְחְמְאֵלִ֔י	det	of
18	יַּרְחְמְאֵלִ֔י	יְרַחְמְאֵלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 נֶ֣גֶב	compound:smixut	the Jerahmeelite[s]
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 נֶ֖גֶב	cc	and
20	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	21 נֶ֖גֶב	case	against
21	נֶ֖גֶב	נֶגֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 נֶ֤גֶב	conj	the Negev
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 קֵּינִֽי	det	of
23	קֵּינִֽי	קֵינִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 נֶ֖גֶב	compound:smixut	the Kenite[s]
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 קֵּינִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אָכִישׁ Achish
not פְּשַׁטְתֶּם did you make a raid	qatal · qal
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר אָכִישׁ לְאָן אִתְנְגַדְתּוּן יוֹמָא דֵין וַאֲמַר דָוִד עַל דָרוֹם יְהוּדָה וְעַל דָרוֹם יְרַחְמְאֵלָה וּלְדָרוֹם שַׁלְמָאָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Achish said: 'Whither have ye made a raid to-day?' And David said: 'Against the South of Judah, and against the South of the Jerahmeelites, and against the South of the Kenites.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:728.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.27.10/