1 Samuel 28:12 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: woman, thou · What happens: see, cry, speak, say, deceive, be · To what, where: Samuel, Saul, me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 28:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — woman, thou — and what happens in the verse to Samuel, Saul, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתֵּ֤רֶא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַתִּזְעַ֖ק בְּק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל וַתֹּאמֶר֩ הָאִשָּׁ֨ה אֶל־שָׁא֧וּל לֵאמֹ֛ר לָ֥מָּה רִמִּיתָ֖נִי וְאַתָּ֥ה שָׁאֽוּל׃

And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תֵּ֤רֶא	cc	and
2	תֵּ֤רֶא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	she saw
3	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 אִשָּׁה֙	det	the
4	אִשָּׁה֙	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תֵּ֤רֶא	nsubj	woman
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל	case	(et)
6	שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל	שְׁמוּאֵל	PROPN	_	2 תֵּ֤רֶא	obj	Samuel
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 תִּזְעַ֖ק	cc	and
8	תִּזְעַ֖ק	זָעַק	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֵּ֤רֶא	conj	she cried out
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 ק֣וֹל	case	with
10	ק֣וֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 תִּזְעַ֖ק	obl	a voice
11	גָּד֑וֹל	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 ק֣וֹל	amod	great
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 תֹּאמֶר֩	cc	and
13	תֹּאמֶר֩	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֵּ֤רֶא	conj	she said
14	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 אִשָּׁ֨ה	det	the
15	אִשָּׁ֨ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 תֹּאמֶר֩	nsubj	woman
16	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	17 שָׁא֧וּל	case	to
17	שָׁא֧וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	13 תֹּאמֶר֩	obl	Saul
18	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	22 רִמִּיתָ֖	mark	(cmp)
19	אמֹ֛ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	18 לֵ	fixed
20	לָ֥	לָמָה	ADP	_	21 מָּה	case
21	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	22 רִמִּיתָ֖	obl	why?
22	רִמִּיתָ֖	רָמָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	13 תֹּאמֶר֩	ccomp	have
23	נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 רִמִּיתָ֖	obj	you deceived me
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 שָׁאֽוּל	cc	and
25	אַתָּ֥ה	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 שָׁאֽוּל	nsubj	you
26	שָׁאֽוּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	22 רִמִּיתָ֖	conj	[are] Saul
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 שָׁאֽוּל	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תֵּרֶא she saw	wayyiqtol · qal	אִשָּׁה woman	שְׁמוּאֵל Samuel
תִּזְעַק she cried out	wayyiqtol · qal	אִשָּׁה woman
תֹּאמֶר she said	wayyiqtol · qal	אִשָּׁה woman
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	אִשָּׁה woman
רִמִּיתָ have	qatal · piel	שָׁאוּל Saul	נִי you deceived me

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַחֲזַת אִתְּתָא יַת שְׁמוּאֵל וּצְוָחַת בְּקַל רַב וַאֲמָרַת אִתְּתָא לְשָׁאוּל לְמֵימָר לְמָה שְׁקַרְתְּ בִּי וְאַתְּ שָׁאוּל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:742.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.12/