1 Samuel 28:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: strength, I, servants · What happens: refuse, say, not eat, urge, hearken, arise · To what, where: strength, earth, bed · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 28:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — strength, I, servants — and what happens in the verse to strength, earth, bed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְמָאֵ֗ן וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֹכַ֔ל וַיִּפְרְצוּ־ב֤וֹ עֲבָדָיו֙ וְגַם־הָ֣אִשָּׁ֔ה וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע לְקֹלָ֑ם וַיָּ֙קָם֙ מֵֽהָאָ֔רֶץ וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב אֶל־הַמִּטָּֽה׃

But he refused, and said: 'I will not eat.' But his servants, together with the woman, urged him; and he hearkened unto their voice. So he arose from the earth, and sat upon the bed.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְמָאֵ֗ן	cc	and
2	יְמָאֵ֗ן	מָאֵן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he refused
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	cc	and
4	יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְמָאֵ֗ן	conj	he said
5	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	6 אֹכַ֔ל	advmod	not
6	אֹכַ֔ל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	4 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	ccomp	I will eat
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּפְרְצוּ־	cc	and
8	יִּפְרְצוּ־	פָּרַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְמָאֵ֗ן	conj	they urged
9	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	10 ֤וֹ	case	(in)
10	֤וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יִּפְרְצוּ־	obl	him
11	עֲבָדָי	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יִּפְרְצוּ־	nsubj	servants
12	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 עֲבָדָי	nmod:poss	his
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 אִשָּׁ֔ה	cc	and
14	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	16 אִשָּׁ֔ה	advmod	also
15	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 אִשָּׁ֔ה	det	the
16	אִשָּׁ֔ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 עֲבָדָי	conj	woman
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יִּשְׁמַ֖ע	cc	and
18	יִּשְׁמַ֖ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְמָאֵ֗ן	conj	he listened
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 קֹל	case	to
20	קֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יִּשְׁמַ֖ע	obl	voice
21	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 קֹל	nmod:poss	their
22	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יָּ֙קָם֙	cc	and
23	יָּ֙קָם֙	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְמָאֵ֗ן	conj	he arose
24	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	26 אָ֔רֶץ	case	from
25	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 אָ֔רֶץ	det	the
26	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 יָּ֙קָם֙	obl	ground
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יֵּ֖שֶׁב	cc	and
28	יֵּ֖שֶׁב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְמָאֵ֗ן	conj	he sat
29	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	31 מִּטָּֽה	case	to
30	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 מִּטָּֽה	det	the
31	מִּטָּֽה	מִטָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	28 יֵּ֖שֶׁב	obl	bed
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 מִּטָּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יְמָאֵן he refused	wayyiqtol · piel
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
not אֹכַל I will eat	yiqtol · qal
יִּפְרְצוּ־ they urged	wayyiqtol · qal	עֲבָדָי servants + אִשָּׁה woman
יִּשְׁמַע he listened	wayyiqtol · qal
יָּקָם he arose	wayyiqtol · qal
יֵּשֶׁב he sat	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְסָרִיב וַאֲמַר לָא אֵכוּל וְאַתְקִיפוּ בֵיהּ עַבְדוֹהִי וְאַף אִתְּתָא וְקַבֵּיל לְמֵימְרֵיהוֹן וְקָם מֵאַרְעָא וְיָתֵיב עַל עַרְסָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:753.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.23/