1 Samuel 29:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, I, thou · What happens: say, do, find, be, not go, fight · To what, where: servant · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 29:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I, thou — and what happens in the verse to servant, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־אָכִ֗ישׁ כִּ֣י מֶ֤ה עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙ וּמַה־מָּצָ֣אתָ בְעַבְדְּךָ֔ מִיּוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָיִ֣יתִי לְפָנֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה כִּ֣י לֹ֤א אָבוֹא֙ וְנִלְחַ֔מְתִּי בְּאֹיְבֵ֖י אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃

And David said unto Achish: 'But what have I done? and what hast thou found in thy servant so long as I have been before thee unto this day, that I may not go and fight against the enemies of my lord the king?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִ֜ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	David
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 אָכִ֗ישׁ	case	to
5	אָכִ֗ישׁ	אָכִישׁ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	Achish
6	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	8 עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙	mark	(dm)
7	מֶ֤ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	8 עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙	obj	what?
8	עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	advcl	have I done
9	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 מָּצָ֣אתָ	cc	and
10	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	11 מָּצָ֣אתָ	advmod	what?
11	מָּצָ֣אתָ	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	have you found
12	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 עַבְדּ	case	in
13	עַבְדּ	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מָּצָ֣אתָ	obl	servant
14	ְךָ֔	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 עַבְדּ	nmod:poss	your
15	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	16 יּוֹם֙	case	from [the]
16	יּוֹם֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מָּצָ֣אתָ	obl	day
17	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	20 פָנֶ֔י	mark	when
18	הָיִ֣יתִי	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	20 פָנֶ֔י	cop	I was
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 פָנֶ֔י	case	before
20	פָנֶ֔י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 יּוֹם֙	acl:relcl
21	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 פָנֶ֔י	nmod:poss	you
22	עַ֖ד	עַד	ADP	_	24 יּ֣וֹם	case	until
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 יּ֣וֹם	det	the
24	יּ֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יּוֹם֙	conj	day
25	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 זֶּ֑ה	det	(the)
26	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	24 יּ֣וֹם	det	this
27	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	29 אָבוֹא֙	mark	(cmp)
28	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	29 אָבוֹא֙	advmod	not
29	אָבוֹא֙	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	11 מָּצָ֣אתָ	parataxis	I will go
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 נִלְחַ֔מְתִּי	cc	and
31	נִלְחַ֔מְתִּי	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=1	29 אָבוֹא֙	conj	I will fight
32	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	33 אֹיְבֵ֖י	case	against
33	אֹיְבֵ֖י	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	31 נִלְחַ֔מְתִּי	obl	the enemies
34	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 אֹיְבֵ֖י	compound:smixut	my lord
35	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	34 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
36	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 מֶּֽלֶךְ	det	the
37	מֶּֽלֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	34 אֲדֹנ	appos	king
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 מֶּֽלֶךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
עָשִׂיתִי have I done	qatal · qal	דָּוִד David	מֶה what?
מָּצָאתָ have you found	qatal · qal	אָכִישׁ Achish
הָיִיתִי I was	qatal · qal	עַבְדּ servant
not אָבוֹא I will go	yiqtol · qal	עַבְדּ servant
נִלְחַמְתִּי I will fight	weqatal · niphal	עַבְדּ servant

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְאָכִישׁ אֲרֵי מָה עֲבָדִית וּמַה אַשְׁכַּחְתָּא בְעַבְדָךְ מִיוֹמָא דַהֲוֵיתִי מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָמָךְ עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין אֲרֵי לָא אֱהָךְ וְאַגִיח קְרָבָא בְּשַׂנְאֵי רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David said unto Achish: 'But what have I done? and what hast thou found in thy servant so long as I have been before thee unto this day, that I may not go and fight against the enemies of my lord the king?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:763.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.8/