1 Samuel 30:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: David, Ye, LORD, troop · What happens: say, not do, give, preserve, deliver, come · To what, where: us, troop, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 30:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Ye, LORD, troop — and what happens in the verse to us, troop, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ כֵ֖ן אֶחָ֑י אֵ֠ת אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֥ה לָ֙נוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁמֹ֣ר אֹתָ֔נוּ וַיִּתֵּ֗ן אֶֽת־הַגְּד֛וּד הַבָּ֥א עָלֵ֖ינוּ בְּיָדֵֽנוּ׃

Then said David: 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given unto us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the troop that came against us into our hand.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	David
4	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	5 תַעֲשׂ֥וּ	advmod	not
5	תַעֲשׂ֥וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	you must do
6	כֵ֖ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	5 תַעֲשׂ֥וּ	advmod	thus
7	אֶח	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 תַעֲשׂ֥וּ	dislocated	my brothers
8	ָ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 אֶח	nmod:poss	my
9	אֵ֠ת	אֵת	ADP	_	5 תַעֲשׂ֥וּ	obj	(et)
10	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	11 נָתַ֨ן	mark	[that] which
11	נָתַ֨ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 אֵ֠ת	acl:relcl	he has given
12	יְהוָ֥ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	11 נָתַ֨ן	nsubj	Yahweh
13	ל	לְ	ADP	_	14 ָ֙נוּ֙	case	to
14	ָ֙נוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 נָתַ֨ן	obl	us
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִּשְׁמֹ֣ר	cc	and
16	יִּשְׁמֹ֣ר	שָׁמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	he has kept
17	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	18 ָ֔נוּ	case
18	ָ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 יִּשְׁמֹ֣ר	obj	us
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יִּתֵּ֗ן	cc	and
20	יִּתֵּ֗ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	he has given
21	אֶֽת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 גְּד֛וּד	case	(et)
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 גְּד֛וּד	det	the marauding
23	גְּד֛וּד	גְּדוּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יִּתֵּ֗ן	obj	band
24	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	25 בָּ֥א	mark	[which]
25	בָּ֥א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	23 גְּד֛וּד	acl:relcl	came
26	עָלֵ֖י	עַל	ADP	_	27 נוּ	case	on
27	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 בָּ֥א	obl	us
28	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	29 יָד	case	in
29	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 יִּתֵּ֗ן	obl	hand
30	ֵֽנוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	29 יָד	nmod:poss	our
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 ֵֽנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
not תַעֲשׂוּ you must do	yiqtol · qal	אֶח my brothers	נָתַן he has given
נָתַן he has given	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
יִּשְׁמֹר he has kept	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	ָנוּ us
יִּתֵּן he has given	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	גְּדוּד band
בָּא came	participle active · qal	גְּדוּד band

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר דָוִד לָא תַעַבְדוּן כֵּן אֶחָי יַת דִיהַב יְיָ לָנָא וּנְטַר יָתָנָא וּמְסַר יַת מַשְׁרִיתָא דְאָתַת עֲלָנָא בִּידָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then said David: 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given unto us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the troop that came against us into our hand.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:789.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.23/