1 Samuel 31:5 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: armour bearer, Saul · What happens: see, be, fall, die · To what, where: sword · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Samuel 31:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — armour bearer, Saul — and what happens in the verse to sword, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֥רְא נֹשֵֽׂא־כֵלָ֖יו כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת שָׁא֑וּל וַיִּפֹּ֥ל גַּם־ה֛וּא עַל־חַרְבּ֖וֹ וַיָּ֥מָת עִמּֽוֹ׃

And when his armour-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he likewise fell upon his sword, and died with him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֥רְא	cc	and
2	יַּ֥רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he saw
3	נֹשֵֽׂא־	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יַּ֥רְא	nsubj	the bearer
4	כֵלָ֖י	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 נֹשֵֽׂא־	compound:smixut	his armor(s)
5	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 כֵלָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
6	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	7 מֵ֣ת	mark	(dm) that
7	מֵ֣ת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֥רְא	ccomp	he had died
8	שָׁא֑וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	7 מֵ֣ת	nsubj	Saul
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּפֹּ֥ל	cc	and
10	יִּפֹּ֥ל	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֥רְא	conj	he fell
11	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	12 ה֛וּא	advmod	also
12	ה֛וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 יִּפֹּ֥ל	nsubj	he
13	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	14 חַרְבּ	case	on
14	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 יִּפֹּ֥ל	obl	sword
15	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יָּ֥מָת	cc	and
17	יָּ֥מָת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֥רְא	conj	he died
18	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	19 ֽוֹ	case	with
19	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יָּ֥מָת	obl	him
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	נֹשֵֽׂא־ the bearer	מֵת he had died
נֹשֵֽׂא־ the bearer	participle active · qal		כֵלָי his armor(s)
מֵת he had died	qatal · qal	שָׁאוּל Saul
יִּפֹּל he fell	wayyiqtol · qal	הוּא he
יָּמָת he died	wayyiqtol · qal	נֹשֵֽׂא־ the bearer

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַחֲזָא נָטֵל זְיָנֵיהּ אֲרֵי מִית שָׁאוּל וּנְפַל אַף הוּא עַל חַרְבֵּיהּ וּמִית עִמֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when his armour-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he likewise fell upon his sword, and died with him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:802.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.5/