1 Samuel 4:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: Woe, these, gods · What happens: deliver, be, smite · To what, where: us, hand, gods, Egyptians

This is 1 Samuel 4:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Woe, these, gods — and what happens in the verse to us, hand, gods, Egyptians, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ מִ֣י יַצִּילֵ֔נוּ מִיַּ֛ד הָאֱלֹהִ֥ים הָאַדִּירִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֵ֧לֶּה הֵ֣ם הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים הַמַּכִּ֧ים אֶת־מִצְרַ֛יִם בְּכָל־מַכָּ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

Woe unto us! who shall deliver us out of the hand of these mighty gods? these are the gods that smote the Egyptians with all manner of plagues and in the wilderness.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	א֣וֹי	אוֹי	INTJ	_	3 ָ֔נוּ	nsubj	woe!
2	ל	לְ	ADP	_	3 ָ֔נוּ	case	to
3	ָ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	root	root	us
4	מִ֣י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	5 יַצִּיל	nsubj	who?
5	יַצִּיל	נָצַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	3 ָ֔נוּ	parataxis	will
6	ֵ֔נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 יַצִּיל	obj	he deliver us
7	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	8 יַּ֛ד	case	from
8	יַּ֛ד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 יַצִּיל	obl	the hand
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אֱלֹהִ֥ים	det	of
10	אֱלֹהִ֥ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יַּ֛ד	compound:smixut	the gods
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אַדִּירִ֖ים	det	(the)
12	אַדִּירִ֖ים	אַדִּיר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 אֱלֹהִ֥ים	amod	mighty
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
14	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	10 אֱלֹהִ֥ים	det	these
15	אֵ֧לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	18 אֱלֹהִ֗ים	dislocated	these
16	הֵ֣ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 אֱלֹהִ֗ים	nsubj	they
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אֱלֹהִ֗ים	det	[are] the
18	אֱלֹהִ֗ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 ָ֔נוּ	parataxis	gods
19	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	20 מַּכִּ֧ים	mark	[who]
20	מַּכִּ֧ים	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	18 אֱלֹהִ֗ים	acl:relcl	struck
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 מִצְרַ֛יִם	case	(et)
22	מִצְרַ֛יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	20 מַּכִּ֧ים	obj	Egypt
23	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 כָל־	case	with
24	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 מַּכִּ֧ים	obl	every
25	מַכָּ֖ה	מַכָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 כָל־	compound:smixut	plague
26	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 מִּדְבָּֽר	case	in
27	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 מִּדְבָּֽר	det	the
28	מִּדְבָּֽר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 מַּכִּ֧ים	obl	wilderness
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 מִּדְבָּֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַצִּיל will	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵנוּ he deliver us			מִי who?
מַּכִּים struck	participle active · hiphil	מִצְרַיִם Egypt			אֱלֹהִים gods

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַי לָנָא מַן יְשֵׁיזְבִינָנָא מִיַד מֵימְרָא דַייָ דְעוֹבָדוֹהִי רַבְרְבִין הָאִלֵין אִלֵין אִינוּן גְבוּרָתָא דַייָ דִמְחָא יַת מִצְרַיִם בְּכָל מָחָא וּלְעַמֵיהּ עֲבַד פְּרִישָׁן בְּמַדְבְּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Woe unto us! who shall deliver us out of the hand of these mighty gods? these are the gods that smote the Egyptians with all manner of plagues and in the wilderness.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:92.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.8/