1 Samuel 4:8 · JPS 1917

Woe unto us! who shall deliver us out of the hand of these mighty gods? these are the gods that smote the Egyptians with all manner of plagues and in the wilderness.

Who acts: Woe, these, gods · What happens: deliver, be, smite · To what, where: us, hand, gods, Egyptians

This is 1 Samuel 4:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe, these, gods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	unto	unto	ADP	_	3 us	case
3	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Woe	nmod
4	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Woe	punct
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Int	7 deliver	nsubj
6	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 deliver	aux
7	deliver	deliver	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Woe	parataxis
8	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 deliver	obj
9	out	out	ADP	_	12 hand	case
10	of	of	ADP	_	9 out	fixed
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 hand	det
12	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 deliver	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	16 gods	case
14	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	16 gods	det
15	mighty	mighty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 gods	amod
16	gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 hand	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 deliver	punct
18	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	21 gods	nsubj
19	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 gods	cop
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 gods	det
21	gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Woe	parataxis
22	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 smote	nsubj
23	smote	smite	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 gods	acl:relcl
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 Egyptians	det
25	Egyptians	Egyptian	PROPN	Number=Plur	23 smote	obj
26	with	with	ADP	_	28 manner	case
27	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	28 manner	det
28	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 smote	obl
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 plagues	case
30	plagues	plague	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 manner	nmod
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 wilderness	cc
32	in	in	ADP	_	34 wilderness	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 wilderness	det
34	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 smote	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 gods	punct

Pragmatics

form: exclamation
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: changed form=excl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	deliver	shall	Woe unto us	us	the hand of this mighty gods		vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent we=Theme out hand=Initial_Location
2	is a	present	these	the gods			tree rules
3	smite	past	the gods	the Egyptians		with all manner of plagues	vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent egyptian=Patient with manner=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ מִ֣י יַצִּילֵ֔נוּ מִיַּ֛ד הָאֱלֹהִ֥ים הָאַדִּירִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֵ֧לֶּה הֵ֣ם הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים הַמַּכִּ֧ים אֶת־מִצְרַ֛יִם בְּכָל־מַכָּ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

1 Samuel 4:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:104 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.104/