1 Samuel 4:9 · JPS 1917
Be strong, and quit yourselves like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews, as they have been to you; quit yourselves like men, and fight.'
Who acts: you, ye, Hebrews · What happens: be, quit, not be, fight · To what, where: yourselves, servants
This is 1 Samuel 4:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, ye, Hebrews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 2 strong | cop |
| 2 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 quit | punct |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 quit | cc |
| 5 | quit | quit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 strong | conj |
| 6 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 quit | obj |
| 7 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 men | case |
| 8 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 quit | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Philistines | punct |
| 10 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 12 Philistines | discourse |
| 11 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 Philistines | flat |
| 12 | Philistines | philistine | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 quit | vocative |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 servants | punct |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 18 servants | mark |
| 15 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 servants | nsubj |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 servants | cop |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 servants | advmod |
| 18 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 quit | advcl |
| 19 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 21 Hebrews | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Hebrews | det |
| 21 | Hebrews | hebrew | PROPN | Number=Plur | 18 servants | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 you | punct |
| 23 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 28 you | mark |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 you | nsubj |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 you | aux |
| 26 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 you | cop |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 you | case |
| 28 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 servants | advcl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 quit | punct |
| 30 | quit | quit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 strong | parataxis |
| 31 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 30 quit | obj |
| 32 | like | like | ADP | _ | 33 men | case |
| 33 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 quit | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 fight | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 fight | cc |
| 36 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 quit | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 strong | punct |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 strong | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | imperative | you not said here | strong property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | quit | infinitive | you not said here | yourselves | like men; ye Philistines vocative | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourselves=Source | |||
| 3 | not is a | infinitive | ye | servants | unto the Hebrews | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is | present · perfect | Hebrews = hebrew | to you | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | quit | infinitive | yourselves | like men | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourselves=Source | ||||
| 6 | fight | infinitive | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הִֽתְחַזְּק֞וּ וִֽהְי֤וּ לַֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּ֚ן תַּעַבְד֣וּ לָעִבְרִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבְד֖וּ לָכֶ֑ם וִהְיִיתֶ֥ם לַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים וְנִלְחַמְתֶּֽם׃
1 Samuel 4:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:105 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.105/