1 Samuel 6:6 שְׁמוּאֵל א

Who acts: ye, Egyptians, Israel, people · What happens: harden, wrought, not let, go, depart · To what, where: hearts, people

This is 1 Samuel 6:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, Egyptians, Israel, people — and what happens in the verse to hearts, people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלָ֤מָּה תְכַבְּדוּ֙ אֶת־לְבַבְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר כִּבְּד֛וּ מִצְרַ֥יִם וּפַרְעֹ֖ה אֶת־לִבָּ֑ם הֲלוֹא֙ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל בָּהֶ֔ם וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֖וּם וַיֵּלֵֽכוּ׃

Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? when He had wrought among them, did they not let the people go, and they departed?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 תְכַבְּדוּ֙	cc	and
2	לָ֤	לָמָה	ADP	_	3 מָּה	case
3	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	4 תְכַבְּדוּ֙	obl	why?
4	תְכַבְּדוּ֙	כָּבֵד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	will you harden
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 לְבַב	case	(et)
6	לְבַב	לֵבָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 תְכַבְּדוּ֙	obj	heart
7	ְכֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 לְבַב	nmod:poss	your
8	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	4 תְכַבְּדוּ֙	obl	just
9	אֲשֶׁ֧ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	10 כִּבְּד֛וּ	mark	as
10	כִּבְּד֛וּ	כָּבֵד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	8 כַּ	acl:relcl	they hardened
11	מִצְרַ֥יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	10 כִּבְּד֛וּ	nsubj	Egypt
12	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 פַרְעֹ֖ה	cc	and
13	פַרְעֹ֖ה	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	11 מִצְרַ֥יִם	conj	Pharaoh
14	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	15 לִבּ	case	(et)
15	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כִּבְּד֛וּ	obj	heart
16	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 לִבּ	nmod:poss	their
17	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	25 יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	advmod	?
18	לוֹא֙	לֹא	ADV	_	25 יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	advmod	not
19	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	25 יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	dislocated	when
20	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	21 הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל	mark
21	הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל	עָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=3	19 כַּ	acl:relcl	he dealt wantonly
22	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 ָהֶ֔ם	case	with
23	ָהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל	obl	them
24	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	cc	and
25	יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	4 תְכַבְּדוּ֙	parataxis	they
26	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	obj	sent them away
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יֵּלֵֽכוּ	cc	and
28	יֵּלֵֽכוּ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	25 יְשַׁלְּח֖וּ	conj	they went
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 יֵּלֵֽכוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תְכַבְּדוּ will you harden	yiqtol · piel		לְבַב heart
כִּבְּדוּ they hardened	qatal · piel	מִצְרַיִם Egypt + פַרְעֹה Pharaoh	לִבּ heart
הִתְעַלֵּל he dealt wantonly	qatal · hithpael
not יְשַׁלְּחוּ they	wayyiqtol · piel	מִצְרַיִם Egypt + פַרְעֹה Pharaoh	ם sent them away
יֵּלֵֽכוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּלְמָה תְיַקְרִין יַת לִבְּכוֹן כְּמָא דְיַקְרוּ מִצְרָאֵי וּפַרְעֹה יַת לִבְּהוֹן הֲלָא כַּד אִתְפְּרַע מִנְהוֹן וּבָתַר כֵן שַׁלְחִינוּן וַאֲזָלוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? when He had wrought among them, did they not let the people go, and they departed?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1SA:124.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.6/