2 Kings 1:18 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: Elijah, Ahaziah · What happens: do, not write, act, chronicle · To what, where: acts, rest, book, kings

This is 2 Kings 1:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Elijah, Ahaziah — and what happens in the verse to acts, rest, book, kings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיֶ֛תֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י אֲחַזְיָ֖הוּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה הֲלֽוֹא־הֵ֣מָּה כְתוּבִ֗ים עַל־סֵ֛פֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י הַיָּמִ֖ים לְמַלְכֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פ

Now the rest of the acts of Ahaziah which he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 כְתוּבִ֗ים	cc	and
2	יֶ֛תֶר	יֶתֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כְתוּבִ֗ים	dislocated	the rest
3	דִּבְרֵ֥י	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֶ֛תֶר	compound:smixut	of the matters
4	אֲחַזְיָ֖הוּ	אֲחַזְיָהוּ	PROPN	_	3 דִּבְרֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Ahaziah
5	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	6 עָשָׂ֑ה	mark	which
6	עָשָׂ֑ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 דִּבְרֵ֥י	acl:relcl	he did
7	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	10 כְתוּבִ֗ים	advmod	?
8	לֽוֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	10 כְתוּבִ֗ים	advmod	not
9	הֵ֣מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 כְתוּבִ֗ים	nsubj	[are] they
10	כְתוּבִ֗ים	כָּתַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	root	root	written
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 סֵ֛פֶר	case	on
12	סֵ֛פֶר	סֵפֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 כְתוּבִ֗ים	obl	the scroll
13	דִּבְרֵ֥י	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 סֵ֛פֶר	compound:smixut	of the matters
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 יָּמִ֖ים	det	of
15	יָּמִ֖ים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 דִּבְרֵ֥י	compound:smixut	the days
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 מַלְכֵ֥י	case	of
17	מַלְכֵ֥י	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 יָּמִ֖ים	nmod	the kings
18	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	17 מַלְכֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Israel
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	punct
20	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	18 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָשָׂה he did	qatal · qal	אֲחַזְיָהוּ of Ahaziah	דִּבְרֵי of the matters
not כְתוּבִים written	participle passive · qal		הֵמָּה [are] they

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁאַר פִּתְגָמֵי אֲחַזְיָה דַעֲבַד הֲלָא אִינוּן כְּתִיבִין עַל סְפַר פִּתְגָמֵי יוֹמַיָא לְמַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now the rest of the acts of Ahaziah which he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:17.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.1.18/