2 Kings 4:40 מְלָכִים ב

Who acts: gourds, men, pot, death · What happens: pour out, eat, come, pass, cry out, say · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Kings 4:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — gourds, men, pot, death — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽצְק֥וּ לַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים לֶאֱכ֑וֹל וַ֠יְהִי כְּאָכְלָ֨ם מֵהַנָּזִ֜יד וְהֵ֣מָּה צָעָ֗קוּ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ מָ֤וֶת בַּסִּיר֙ אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ לֶאֱכֹֽל׃

So they poured out for the men to eat. And it came to pass, as they were eating of the pottage, that they cried out, and said: 'O man of God, there is death in the pot.' And they could not eat thereof.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּֽצְק֥וּ	cc	and
2	יִּֽצְק֥וּ	יָצַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they poured [it] out
3	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	4 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	case	for [the]
4	אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּֽצְק֥וּ	obl	men
5	לֶ	לְ	ADP	_	6 אֱכ֑וֹל	case	to
6	אֱכ֑וֹל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יִּֽצְק֥וּ	advcl	eat
7	וַ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יְהִי	cc	and
8	יְהִי	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּֽצְק֥וּ	conj	it was
9	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	10 אָכְל	case	just
10	אָכְל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	8 יְהִי	advcl	as
11	ָ֨ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 אָכְל	nsubj	they ate
12	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	14 נָּזִ֜יד	case	some
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 נָּזִ֜יד	det	of
14	נָּזִ֜יד	נָזִיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אָכְל	obl	the cooked food
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 צָעָ֗קוּ	cc	and
16	הֵ֣מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 צָעָ֗קוּ	nsubj	they
17	צָעָ֗קוּ	צָעַק	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּֽצְק֥וּ	conj	they cried out
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	cc	and
19	יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּֽצְק֥וּ	conj	they said
20	מָ֤וֶת	מָוֶת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	ccomp	death
21	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 סִּיר֙	case	[is] in
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 סִּיר֙	det	the
23	סִּיר֙	סִיר	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 מָ֤וֶת	obl	pot
24	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 מָ֤וֶת	parataxis	O man
25	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 אֱלֹהִ֔ים	det	of (the)
26	אֱלֹהִ֔ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 אִ֣ישׁ	compound:smixut	God
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 יָכְל֖וּ	cc	and
28	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	29 יָכְל֖וּ	advmod	not
29	יָכְל֖וּ	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	20 מָ֤וֶת	conj	they were able
30	לֶ	לְ	ADP	_	31 אֱכֹֽל	case	to
31	אֱכֹֽל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	29 יָכְל֖וּ	xcomp	eat [it]
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 אֱכֹֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִּֽצְקוּ they poured [it] out	wayyiqtol · qal
אֱכוֹל eat	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
אָכְל as	infinitive construct · qal	ָם they ate
צָעָקוּ they cried out	qatal · qal	הֵמָּה they
יֹּֽאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
not יָכְלוּ they were able	qatal · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
אֱכֹֽל eat [it]	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲרִיקוּ לְגַבְרַיָא לְמֵיכַל וַהֲוָה כְּמֵיכַלְהוֹן מִתַּבְשִׁילָא וְאִינוּן צְוָחוּ וַאֲמַרוּ מוֹתָא בְדוּדָא נְבִיָא דַייָ וְלָא יְכִילוּ לְמֵיכַל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2KI:109.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.40/