2 Samuel 10:8 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: children, Arameans · What happens: come out, put, be · To what, where: battle, array, field

This is 2 Samuel 10:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, Arameans — and what happens in the verse to battle, array, field, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה פֶּ֣תַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר וַאֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א אֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א וּרְחוֹב֙ וְאִֽישׁ־ט֣וֹב וּמַֽעֲכָ֔ה לְבַדָּ֖ם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃

And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּֽצְאוּ֙	cc	and
2	יֵּֽצְאוּ֙	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they went out
3	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֵּֽצְאוּ֙	nsubj	the people
4	עַמּ֔וֹן	עַמּוֹן	PROPN	_	3 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Ammon
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יַּעַרְכ֥וּ	cc	and
6	יַּעַרְכ֥וּ	עָרַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּֽצְאוּ֙	conj	they deployed
7	מִלְחָמָ֖ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 יַּעַרְכ֥וּ	obj	battle
8	פֶּ֣תַח	פֶּתַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יַּעַרְכ֥וּ	obl	the entrance
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 שָּׁ֑עַר	det	of
10	שָּׁ֑עַר	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 פֶּ֣תַח	compound:smixut	the gate
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 שָּׂדֶֽה	cc	and
12	אֲרַ֨מ	אֲרָם	PROPN	_	28 שָּׂדֶֽה	nsubj	Aram
13	צוֹבָ֤א	_	PROPN	_	12 אֲרַ֨מ	flat:name
14	אֲרַ֨מ	צוֹבָא	PROPN	_	12 אֲרַ֨מ	conj	Zobah
15	צוֹבָ֤א	_	PROPN	_	14 אֲרַ֨מ	flat:name
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 רְחוֹב֙	cc	and
17	רְחוֹב֙	רְחֹב	PROPN	_	12 אֲרַ֨מ	conj	Rehob
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 אִֽישׁ־	cc	and
19	אִֽישׁ־	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אֲרַ֨מ	conj	the man
20	ט֣וֹב	טוֹב	PROPN	_	19 אִֽישׁ־	compound:smixut	of Tob
21	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 מַֽעֲכָ֔ה	cc	and
22	מַֽעֲכָ֔ה	מַעֲכָה	PROPN	_	12 אֲרַ֨מ	conj	Maacah
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 בַדּ	case	[were]
24	בַדּ	בַּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 שָּׂדֶֽה	obl	they
25	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 בַדּ	nmod:poss	alone
26	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 שָּׂדֶֽה	case	in
27	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 שָּׂדֶֽה	det	the open
28	שָּׂדֶֽה	שָׂדֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּֽצְאוּ֙	conj	country
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 שָּׂדֶֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֵּֽצְאוּ they went out	wayyiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי the people
יַּעַרְכוּ they deployed	wayyiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי the people	מִלְחָמָה battle

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּנְפַקוּ בְּנֵי עַמוֹן וּסְדָרוּ קְרָבָא בְּמַעֲלָנָא דְתַרְעָא וַאֲרַם צוֹבָא וּרְחוֹב וְאִישׁ טוֹב וּמַעֲכָה בִּלְחוֹדֵיהוֹן בְּחַקְלָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:225.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.8/