2 Samuel 12:16 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David · What happens: beseech, fast, go in, lie · To what, where: God, earth

This is 2 Samuel 12:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David — and what happens in the verse to God, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּעַ֣ד הַנָּ֑עַר וַיָּ֤צָם דָּוִד֙ צ֔וֹם וּבָ֥א וְלָ֖ן וְשָׁכַ֥ב אָֽרְצָה׃

David therefore besought God for the child; and David fasted, and as often as he went in, he lay all night upon the earth.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	cc	and
2	יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	בָּקַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sought
3	דָּוִ֛ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	nsubj	David
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	case	(et)
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	det	(the)
6	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	obj	God
7	בְּעַ֣ד	בַּעַד	ADP	_	9 נָּ֑עַר	case	for
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 נָּ֑עַר	det	the
9	נָּ֑עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	obl	lad
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יָּ֤צָם	cc	and
11	יָּ֤צָם	צוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	conj	he fasted
12	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	11 יָּ֤צָם	nsubj	David
13	צ֔וֹם	צוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יָּ֤צָם	obj	a fast
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 בָ֥א	cc	and
15	בָ֥א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	conj	he went
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 לָ֖ן	cc	and
17	לָ֖ן	לין	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	conj	he passed the night
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 שָׁכַ֥ב	cc	and
19	שָׁכַ֥ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ	conj	he lay
20	אָֽרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 שָׁכַ֥ב	obl	ground
21	ָה	ה	X	_	20 אָֽרְצ	nmod	to [the]
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְבַקֵּשׁ he sought	wayyiqtol · piel	דָּוִד David	אֱלֹהִים God
יָּצָם he fasted	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David	צוֹם a fast
בָא he went	qatal · qal	דָּוִד David
לָן he passed the night	qatal · qal	דָּוִד David
שָׁכַב he lay	qatal · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּבְעָא דָוִד רַחֲמִין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ עַל רַבְיָא וְצָם דָוִד צוֹמָא וְעַל וּבָת וּשְׁכִיב עַל אַרְעָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

David therefore besought God for the child; and David fasted, and as often as he went in, he lay all night upon the earth.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:279.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.16/