2 Samuel 13:34 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Absalom, young man, much people · What happens: flee, keep, lift up, look, come · To what, where: watch, eyes, roundabout way

This is 2 Samuel 13:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Absalom, young man, much people — and what happens in the verse to watch, eyes, roundabout way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּבְרַ֖ח אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיִּשָּׂ֞א הַנַּ֤עַר הַצֹּפֶה֙ אֶת־עֵינָ֔יו וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֨ה עַם־רַ֜ב הֹלְכִ֥ים מִדֶּ֛רֶךְ אַחֲרָ֖יו מִצַּ֥ד הָהָֽר׃

But Absalom fled. And the young man that kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, there came much people in a roundabout way by the hill-side.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּבְרַ֖ח	cc	and
2	יִּבְרַ֖ח	בָּרַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he fled
3	אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם	אַבְשָׁלֹום	PROPN	_	2 יִּבְרַ֖ח	nsubj	Absalom
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יִּשָּׂ֞א	cc	and
5	יִּשָּׂ֞א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּבְרַ֖ח	conj	he lifted up
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 נַּ֤עַר	det	the
7	נַּ֤עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יִּשָּׂ֞א	nsubj	servant
8	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	9 צֹּפֶה֙	mark	[who
9	צֹּפֶה֙	צָפָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	7 נַּ֤עַר	acl:relcl	was] keeping watch
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 עֵינָ֔י	case	(et)
11	עֵינָ֔י	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	5 יִּשָּׂ֞א	obj	eyes
12	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 עֵינָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יַּ֗רְא	cc	and
14	יַּ֗רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּבְרַ֖ח	conj	he saw
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 הֹלְכִ֥ים	cc	and
16	הִנֵּ֨ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	19 הֹלְכִ֥ים	discourse	there!
17	עַם־	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 הֹלְכִ֥ים	nsubj	a people
18	רַ֜ב	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 עַם־	amod	numerous
19	הֹלְכִ֥ים	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יִּבְרַ֖ח	conj	[were] coming
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 דֶּ֛רֶךְ	case	from [the]
21	דֶּ֛רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 הֹלְכִ֥ים	obl	road
22	אַחֲרָ֖י	אַחַר	ADP	_	23 ו	case	behind
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 הֹלְכִ֥ים	obl	him
24	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	25 צַּ֥ד	case	from
25	צַּ֥ד	צַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 הֹלְכִ֥ים	obl	the side
26	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 הָֽר	det	of
27	הָֽר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 צַּ֥ד	compound:smixut	the mountain
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 הָֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּבְרַח he fled	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְשָׁלוֹם Absalom
יִּשָּׂא he lifted up	wayyiqtol · qal	נַּעַר servant	עֵינָי eyes
צֹּפֶה was] keeping watch	participle active · qal	נַּעַר servant
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	נַּעַר servant
הֹלְכִים [were] coming	participle active · qal	עַם־ a people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַעֲרַק אַבְשָׁלוֹם וּזְקֵף עוּלֵימָא סַכְוָאָה יַת עֵינוֹהִי וַחֲזָא וְהָא עַם סַגִי אָתָן מֵאוֹרַח מֵאֲחוֹרוֹהִי מִסְטַר טוּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:328.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.13.34/