2 Samuel 15:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Absalom, conspiracy, people · What happens: send, offer, be, increase · To what, where: city, sacrifices

This is 2 Samuel 15:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Absalom, conspiracy, people — and what happens in the verse to city, sacrifices, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח אַ֠בְשָׁלוֹם אֶת־אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל הַגִּֽילֹנִ֜י יוֹעֵ֣ץ דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ מִגִּלֹ֔ה בְּזָבְח֖וֹ אֶת־הַזְּבָחִ֑ים וַיְהִ֤י הַקֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ אַמִּ֔ץ וְהָעָ֛ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָרָ֖ב אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃

And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices. And the conspiracy was strong; for the people increased continually with Absalom.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
3	אַ֠בְשָׁלוֹם	אַבְשָׁלֹום	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	nsubj	Absalom
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל	case	(et)
5	אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל	אֲחִיתֹפֶל	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obj	Ahithophel
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 גִּֽילֹנִ֜י	det	the
7	גִּֽילֹנִ֜י	גִּילֹנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל	appos	Gilonite
8	יוֹעֵ֣ץ	יָעַץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	5 אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל	appos	the counselor
9	דָּוִ֗ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	8 יוֹעֵ֣ץ	compound:smixut	of David
10	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	11 עִיר	case	from
11	עִיר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obl	city
12	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 עִיר	nmod:poss	his
13	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	14 גִּלֹ֔ה	case	from
14	גִּלֹ֔ה	גִּלֹה	PROPN	_	11 עִיר	nmod	Giloh
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 זָבְח	case	when
16	זָבְח	זָבַח	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	advcl	sacrificed
17	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 זָבְח	nsubj	he
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	20 זְּבָחִ֑ים	case	(et)
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 זְּבָחִ֑ים	det	the
20	זְּבָחִ֑ים	זֶבַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 זָבְח	obj	sacrifices
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 אַמִּ֔ץ	cc	and
22	יְהִ֤י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	25 אַמִּ֔ץ	cop	it was
23	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 קֶּ֙שֶׁר֙	det	the
24	קֶּ֙שֶׁר֙	קֶשֶׁר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 אַמִּ֔ץ	nsubj	conspiracy
25	אַמִּ֔ץ	אַמִּיץ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	conj	strong
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ	cc	and
27	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 עָ֛ם	det	the
28	עָ֛ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ	nsubj	people
29	הוֹלֵ֥ךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	conj	[was] going
30	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 רָ֖ב	cc	and
31	רָ֖ב	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ	amod	numerous
32	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	33 אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם	case	with
33	אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם	אַבְשָׁלֹום	PROPN	_	29 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ	obl	Absalom
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְשָׁלוֹם Absalom	אֲחִיתֹפֶל Ahithophel
זָבְח sacrificed	infinitive construct · qal	וֹ he	זְּבָחִים sacrifices
יְהִי it was	wayyiqtol · qal	קֶּשֶׁר conspiracy
הוֹלֵךְ [was] going	participle active · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁלַח אַבְשָׁלוֹם יַת אֲחִיתוֹפֶל גִילוֹנָאָה מָלִיכָא דְדָוִד מִקַרְתֵּיהּ מִגִלֹה בְּדַבָּחוּתֵיהּ יַת דִבְחַיָא וַהֲוָה מַרְדָא תַּקִיף וְעַמָא אָזֵיל וְסַגִי עִם אַבְשָׁלוֹם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:378.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.12/