2 Samuel 2:14 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Abner, I, Joab · What happens: say, let, pray, arise, play · To what, where: Joab, young men, thee · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 2:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abner, I, Joab — and what happens in the verse to Joab, young men, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַבְנֵר֙ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב יָק֤וּמוּ נָא֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וִֽישַׂחֲק֖וּ לְפָנֵ֑ינוּ וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יוֹאָ֖ב יָקֻֽמוּ׃

And Abner said to Joab: 'Let the young men, I pray thee, arise and play before us.' And Joab said: 'Let them arise.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אַבְנֵר֙	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Abner
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 יוֹאָ֔ב	case	to
5	יוֹאָ֔ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	Joab
6	יָק֤וּמוּ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	let them arise
7	נָא֙	נָא	INTJ	_	6 יָק֤וּמוּ	discourse	please
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 נְּעָרִ֔ים	det	the young
9	נְּעָרִ֔ים	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 יָק֤וּמוּ	nsubj	men
10	וִֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 ישַׂחֲק֖וּ	cc	and
11	ישַׂחֲק֖וּ	שָׂחַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	6 יָק֤וּמוּ	conj	let them play
12	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	13 פָנֵ֑י	case	before
13	פָנֵ֑י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 ישַׂחֲק֖וּ	obl
14	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 פָנֵ֑י	nmod:poss	us
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יֹּ֥אמֶר	cc	and
16	יֹּ֥אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	he said
17	יוֹאָ֖ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	16 יֹּ֥אמֶר	nsubj	Joab
18	יָקֻֽמוּ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	16 יֹּ֥אמֶר	ccomp	let them arise
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 יָקֻֽמוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
hedged: yes (נָא)
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner
יָקוּמוּ let them arise	jussive · qal	נְּעָרִים men
ישַׂחֲקוּ let them play	yiqtol · piel	נְּעָרִים men
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹאָב Joab
יָקֻֽמוּ let them arise	jussive · qal	נְּעָרִים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר אַבְנֵר לְיוֹאָב יְקוּמוּן כְּעַן עוּלֵימַיָא וִיחַיְיכוּן קֳדָמָנָא וַאֲמַר יוֹאָב יְקוּמוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Abner said to Joab: 'Let the young men, I pray thee, arise and play before us.' And Joab said: 'Let them arise.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:40.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.14/