2 Samuel 2:15 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Joab · What happens: arise, pass over

This is 2 Samuel 2:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּקֻ֖מוּ וַיַּעַבְר֣וּ בְמִסְפָּ֑ר שְׁנֵ֧ים עָשָׂ֣ר לְבִנְיָמִ֗ן וּלְאִ֥ישׁ בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙ אִ֥ישׁ בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙ בֶּן־שָׁא֔וּל וּשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר מֵעַבְדֵ֥י דָוִֽד׃

Then they arose and passed over by number: twelve for Benjamin, and for Ish-bosheth the son of Saul, and twelve of the servants of David.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּקֻ֖מוּ	cc	and
2	יָּקֻ֖מוּ	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they arose
3	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 יַּעַבְר֣וּ	cc	and
4	יַּעַבְר֣וּ	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּקֻ֖מוּ	conj	they passed by
5	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 מִסְפָּ֑ר	case	by
6	מִסְפָּ֑ר	מִסְפָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יַּעַבְר֣וּ	obl	number
7	שְׁנֵ֧ים	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	4 יַּעַבְר֣וּ	nsubj	two plus
8	עָשָׂ֣ר	עָשָׂר	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 שְׁנֵ֧ים	flat	ten
9	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	10 בִנְיָמִ֗ן	case	for
10	בִנְיָמִ֗ן	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	7 שְׁנֵ֧ים	nmod	Benjamin
11	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אִ֥ישׁ	cc	and
12	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	13 אִ֥ישׁ	case	for
13	אִ֥ישׁ	אִישׁ	PROPN	_	10 בִנְיָמִ֗ן	conj	Ish-bosheth
14	בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙	בֹּשֶׁת	PROPN	_	13 אִ֥ישׁ	flat:name
15	אִ֥ישׁ	אִישׁבֹשֶׁת	PROPN	_	13 אִ֥ישׁ	appos	Ish-bosheth
16	בֹּ֙שֶׁת֙	_	PROPN	_	15 אִ֥ישׁ	flat:name
17	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 אִ֥ישׁ	appos	the son
18	שָׁא֔וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	17 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Saul
19	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 שְׁנֵ֥ים	cc	and
20	שְׁנֵ֥ים	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	7 שְׁנֵ֧ים	conj	two plus
21	עָשָׂ֖ר	עָשָׂר	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 שְׁנֵ֥ים	flat	ten
22	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	23 עַבְדֵ֥י	case	of
23	עַבְדֵ֥י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 שְׁנֵ֥ים	nmod	the servants
24	דָוִֽד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	23 עַבְדֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of David
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 דָוִֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָּקֻמוּ they arose	wayyiqtol · qal	שְׁנֵים two plus + עָשָׂר ten + וּ and
יַּעַבְרוּ they passed by	wayyiqtol · qal	שְׁנֵים two plus + עָשָׂר ten + וּ and

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְקָמוּ וַעֲבַרוּ בְּמִנְיָן תְּרֵי עֲסַר מִדְבֵית בִּנְיָמִן וּמִדְאִישׁ בֹּשֶׁת בַּר שָׁאוּל וּתְרֵי עֲסַר מֵעַבְדֵי דָוִד:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then they arose and passed over by number: twelve for Benjamin, and for Ish-bosheth the son of Saul, and twelve of the servants of David.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:41.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.15/