2 Samuel 21:13 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, bones · What happens: bring up, gather, hang · To what, where: bones

This is 2 Samuel 21:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, bones — and what happens in the verse to bones, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֤עַל מִשָּׁם֙ אֶת־עַצְמ֣וֹת שָׁא֔וּל וְאֶת־עַצְמ֖וֹת יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֑וֹ וַיַּ֣אַסְפ֔וּ אֶת־עַצְמ֖וֹת הַמּוּקָעִֽים׃

and he brought up from thence the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son; and they gathered the bones of them that were hanged.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֤עַל	cc	and
2	יַּ֤עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he brought up
3	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	4 שָּׁם֙	case	from
4	שָּׁם֙	שָׁם	ADV	_	2 יַּ֤עַל	obl	there
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 עַצְמ֣וֹת	case	(et)
6	עַצְמ֣וֹת	עֶצֶם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	2 יַּ֤עַל	obj	the bones
7	שָׁא֔וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	6 עַצְמ֣וֹת	compound:smixut	of Saul
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 עַצְמ֖וֹת	cc	and
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 עַצְמ֖וֹת	case	(et)
10	עַצְמ֖וֹת	עֶצֶם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	6 עַצְמ֣וֹת	conj	the bones
11	יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן	יְהוֹנָתָן	PROPN	_	10 עַצְמ֖וֹת	compound:smixut	of Jonathan
12	בְּנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן	appos	son
13	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 בְּנ	nmod:poss	his
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יַּ֣אַסְפ֔וּ	cc	and
15	יַּ֣אַסְפ֔וּ	אָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤עַל	conj	they gathered
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	17 עַצְמ֖וֹת	case	(et)
17	עַצְמ֖וֹת	עֶצֶם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	15 יַּ֣אַסְפ֔וּ	obj	the bones
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 מּוּקָעִֽים	det	of
19	מּוּקָעִֽים	יָקַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Plur	17 עַצְמ֖וֹת	compound:smixut	the impaled [men]
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 מּוּקָעִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּעַל he brought up	wayyiqtol · hiphil	עַצְמוֹת the bones + עַצְמוֹת the bones
יַּאַסְפוּ they gathered	wayyiqtol · qal		עַצְמוֹת the bones
מּוּקָעִֽים the impaled [men]	participle passive · hophal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַסִיק מִתַּמָן יַת גַרְמֵי שָׁאוּל וְיַת גַרְמֵי יְהוֹנָתָן בְּרֵיהּ וּכְנָשׁוּ יַת גַרְמֵי צְלִיבַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and he brought up from thence the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son; and they gathered the bones of them that were hanged.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:570.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.13/